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The maximum rate of capacitance increase in \u03b2\u2010cells during a depolarization to 0 mV was equivalent to 14 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, &lt;5% of that observed in isolated \u03b2\u2010cells. \u03b2\u2010Cell secretion exhibited bell\u2010shaped voltage dependence and peaked at +20 mV. At physiological membrane potentials (up to \u223c\u221220 mV) the maximum rate of release was \u223c4 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Both exocytosis (measured by capacitance measurements) and insulin release (detected by radioimmunoassay) were strongly inhibited by the L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker nifedipine (25 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) but only marginally (&lt;20%) affected by the R\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker SNX482 (100 n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). Exocytosis in the glucagon\u2010producing \u03b1\u2010cells peaked at +20 mV. The capacitance increases elicited by pulses to 0 mV exhibited biphasic kinetics and consisted of an initial transient (150 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and a sustained late component (30 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Whereas addition of the N\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker \u03c9\u2010conotoxin GVIA (0.1 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) inhibited glucagon secretion measured in the presence of 1 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> glucose to the same extent as an elevation of glucose to 20 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, the L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker nifedipine (25 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) had no effect. Thus, glucagon release during hyperglycaemic conditions depends principally on Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010influx through N\u2010type rather than L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels. Exocytosis in the somatostatin\u2010secreting \u03b4\u2010cells likewise exhibited two kinetically separable phases of capacitance increase and consisted of an early rapid (600 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) component followed by a sustained slower (60 granules s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) component. We conclude that (1) capacitance measurements in intact pancreatic islets are feasible; (2) exocytosis measured in \u03b2\u2010cells <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> is significantly slower than that of isolated cells; and (3) the different types of islet cells exhibit distinct exocytotic features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.059675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,17]],"date-time":"2004-02-17T01:35:54Z","timestamp":1076981754000},"page":"711-726","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Capacitance measurements of exocytosis in mouse pancreatic \u03b1\u2010, \u03b2\u2010 and \u03b4\u2010cells within intact islets of Langerhans"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"556","author":[{"given":"Sven","family":"G\u00f6pel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Eliasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Song","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juris","family":"Galvanovskis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Rorsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/363356a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4343"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019966"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"The Electrophysiology of Neuroendocrine Cells","author":"Ashcroft FM","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012713"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.9.1500"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)75964-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00563-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1387"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb06974.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb888"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.2007.S83"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012184453-0\/50014-7","volume-title":"The Ion Channels Facts Book: Voltage\u2010Gated Channels","author":"Conley EC","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.9.1686"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1985.248.1.C145"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.20028707"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021420"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(95)00806-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.37.12.1608","article-title":"Lilly lecture 1988. 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