{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:13:54Z","timestamp":1791497634696,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,29]],"date-time":"2004-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In aquatic vertebrates, hypoxia induces physiological changes that arise principally from O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> chemoreceptors of the gill. Neuroepithelial cells (NECs) of the zebrafish gill are morphologically similar to mammalian O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> chemoreceptors (e.g. carotid body), suggesting that they may play a role in initiating the hypoxia response in fish. We describe morphological changes of zebrafish gill NECs following <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> exposure to chronic hypoxia, and characterize the cellular mechanisms of O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> sensing in isolated NECs using patch\u2010clamp electrophysiology. Confocal immunofluorescence studies indicated that chronic hypoxia (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-5.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP535:tex2gif-sub-5\"\/>= 35 mmHg<\/jats:styled-content>, 60 days) induced hypertrophy, proliferation and process extension in NECs immunoreactive for serotonin or synaptic vesicle protein (SV2). Under voltage clamp, NECs responded to hypoxia <jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-7.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP535:tex2gif-sub-7\"\/>= 25\u2013140 mmHg)<\/jats:styled-content> with a dose\u2010dependent decrease in K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> current. The current\u2013voltage relationship of the O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010sensitive current <jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-10.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP535:tex2gif-sub-10\"\/>)<\/jats:styled-content> reversed near <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub> and displayed open rectification. Pharmacological characterization indicated that <jats:styled-content><jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-13.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP535:tex2gif-sub-13\"\/><\/jats:styled-content> was resistant to 20 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 5 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> 4\u2010aminopyridine (4\u2010AP), but was sensitive to 1 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> quinidine. In current\u2010clamp recordings, hypoxia produced membrane depolarization associated with a conductance decrease; this depolarization was blocked by quinidine, but was insensitive to TEA and 4\u2010AP. These biophysical and pharmacological characteristics suggest that hypoxia sensing in zebrafish gill NECs is mediated by inhibition of a background K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> conductance, which generates a receptor potential necessary for neurosecretion and activation of sensory pathways in the gill. This appears to be a fundamental mechanism of O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> sensing that arose early in vertebrate evolution, and was adopted later in mammalian O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> chemoreceptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.069294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,27]],"date-time":"2004-08-27T00:13:00Z","timestamp":1093565580000},"page":"737-752","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Neuroepithelial oxygen chemoreceptors of the zebrafish gill"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"560","author":[{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Jonz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian M.","family":"Fearon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin 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