{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T11:17:21Z","timestamp":1769339841846,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The cellular mechanisms that determine the frequency of spontaneous activity were investigated in gastric smooth muscles isolated from the guinea\u2010pig. Intact antral muscle generated slow waves periodically; the interval between slow waves was decreased exponentially by depolarization of the membrane to reach a steady interval value of about 7 s. Isolated circular muscle bundles produced slow potentials spontaneously or were evoked by depolarizing current stimuli. Evoked slow potentials appeared in an all\u2010or\u2010none fashion, with a refractory period of \u223c2\u20133 s. Low concentrations of chemicals that modify intracellular signalling revealed that the refractory period was causally related to the activity of protein kinase C (PKC). Activation of PKC increased and inhibition of PKC activity decreased the frequency of slow potentials. Chemicals that inhibit mitochondrial functions reduced the frequency of slow waves. Inhibition of internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010store activity decreased the amplitude, but not the frequency of slow potentials, suggesting that the amplitude is causally related to Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release from the internal store. The results suggest that changes in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> caused by the activity of mitochondria may play a key role in determining the frequency of spontaneous activity in gastric pacemaker cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.117093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]],"date-time":"2006-09-01T00:18:35Z","timestamp":1157069915000},"page":"667-674","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Factors modifying the frequency of spontaneous activity in gastric 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