{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:01:01Z","timestamp":1792440061171,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]],"date-time":"2007-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The tolerance of breathing in neonates to oxygen depletion is reflected by persistence of inspiratory\u2010related motor output during sustained anoxia in newborn rat brainstem preparations. It is not known whether lumbar motor networks innervating expiratory abdominal muscles are, in contrast, inhibited by anoxia similar to locomotor networks in neonatal mouse lumbar cords. To test this, we recorded inspiratory\u2010related cervical\/hypoglossal plus pre\/postinspiratory lumbar\/facial nerve activities and, sometimes simultaneously, locomotor rhythms in newborn rat brainstem\u2013spinal cords. Chemical anoxia slowed 1 : 1\u2010coupled cervical and lumbar respiratory rhythms and induced cervical burst doublets associated with depressed preinspiratory and augmented postinspiratory lumbar activities. Similarly, anoxia evoked repetitive hypoglossal bursts and shifted facial activity toward augmented postinspiratory bursting in medullas without spinal cord. Selective lumbar anoxia augmented pre\/postinspiratory lumbar bursting without slowing the rhythm. This suggests a medullary origin of both anoxic inspiratory double bursts and preinspiratory depression, but a mixed medullary\/lumbar origin of boosted postinspiratory lumbar activity. Lumbar respiratory rhythm is likely to be generated by the parafacial respiratory group expiratory centre as indicated by lack of normoxic and anoxic bursting following brainstem transection between the facial motonucleus and the more caudal pre\u2010B\u00f6tzinger complex inspiratory centre. Opposed to sustained respiratory activities, anoxia reversibly abolished non\u2010rhythmic spinal discharges and electrically or chemically evoked lumbar locomotor activities, followed by pronounced postanoxic spinal hyperexcitability. We hypothesize that (i) the anoxia tolerance of neonatal breathing includes pFRG\u2010driven lumbar expiratory networks, (ii) the anoxic respiratory pattern transformation is due to disturbed inspiratory\u2013expiratory centre interactions, and (iii) postanoxic lumbar hyperexcitability contributes to spasticity in cerebral palsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,12]],"date-time":"2007-10-12T00:58:37Z","timestamp":1192150717000},"page":"507-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Anoxic persistence of lumbar respiratory bursts and block of lumbar locomotion in newborn rat brainstem\u2013spinal cords"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"585","author":[{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Taccola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Secchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Ballanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(80)80034-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199803090-00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199609150-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159043476828"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90824-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(99)00009-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199412300-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050193"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.82.5.2029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00396.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(99)00544-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019562"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(01)00266-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019296"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:28:3:277"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199604260-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"282","article-title":"Tolerance of the newborn to anoxia","volume":"134","author":"Fazekas JF","year":"1941","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1871"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.279.1.R39"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.2.602","article-title":"Influence of hypoxia and carotid sinus nerve stimulation on abdominal muscle activities in the cat","volume":"76","author":"Fregosi RF","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.1.211","article-title":"Hypoxia inhibits abdominal expiratory nerve activity","volume":"63","author":"Fregosi RF","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(00)00191-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00077-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000244377"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00297-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.042689"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(98)00046-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80206-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.098848"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.023408"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(00)00171-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.102533"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(03)00091-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2003.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01051.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.4.1413","article-title":"Phrenic and external intercostal motoneuron activity during progressive asphyxia","volume":"63","author":"Macefield G","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0105m.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.6.2428"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00092-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(91)90024-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(97)00105-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-04-01478.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01175.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-06-02368.1999","article-title":"Concurrent inhibition and excitation of phrenic motoneurons during inspiration: phase\u2010specific control of excitability","volume":"19","author":"Parkis MA","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1650"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:32:3:251"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3881-04.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.69.031905.163111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.571bt.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018832"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3357-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.142760"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-47-13185P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1683005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(87)90126-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00932.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.88.6.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10287"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.68.4.1305","article-title":"Neurogenesis, control, and functional significance of gasping","volume":"68","author":"St John WM","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.1.223","article-title":"Expiratory neural activities in gasping","volume":"66","author":"St John WM","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2003.03148.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(99)00080-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1997.sp021946"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.111765"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00241960"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1994.1106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00831-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2006.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.1.16","article-title":"Abdominal muscle activation by respiratory stimuli in conscious dogs","volume":"74","author":"Yasuma F","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.102376"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.2007.143594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T10:40:49Z","timestamp":1697020849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143594","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]}}}