{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:05:06Z","timestamp":1785110706429,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,26]],"date-time":"2010-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adult zebrafish exhibit hyperventilatory responses to absolute environmental CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels as low as 0.13% (<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_3846_mu1.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/> mmHg), more than an order of magnitude lower than the typical arterial <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_3846_mu2.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/> levels (\u223c40 mmHg) monitored by the mammalian carotid body. The sensory basis underlying the ability of fish to detect and respond to low ambient CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels is not clear. Here, we show that the neuroepithelial cells (NECs) of the zebrafish gill, known to sense O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels, also respond to low levels of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. An electrophysiological characterization of this response using both current and voltage clamp protocols revealed that for increasing CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels, a background K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channel was inhibited, resulting in a partial pressure\u2010dependent depolarization of the NEC. To elucidate the signalling pathway underlying K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channel inhibition, we used immunocytochemistry to show that these NECs express carbonic anhydrase (CA), an enzyme involved in CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> sensing in the mammalian carotid body. Further, the NEC response to CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (magnitude of membrane depolarization and time required to achieve maximal response), under conditions of constant pH, was reduced by \u223c50% by the CA\u2010inhibitor acetazolamide. This suggests that the CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> detection mechanism involves an intracellular sensor that is responsive to the rate of acidification associated with the hydration of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and which does not require a change of extracellular pH. Because some cells that were responsive to increasing <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_3846_mu3.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/> also responded to hypoxia with membrane depolarization, the present results demonstrate that a subset of the NECs in the zebrafish gill are bimodal sensors of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.184739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,6]],"date-time":"2010-01-06T01:53:49Z","timestamp":1262742829000},"page":"861-872","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio<\/i>) gill neuroepithelial cells are sensitive chemoreceptors for environmental CO<sub>2<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"588","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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