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The present study extends these findings to the recordings of single nerve cells and documents that, during this critical period of normal postnatal respiratory network development, the responses to excitation are significantly reduced and those to inhibition are significantly enhanced. Thus, the system is under greater inhibitory influence at this time. These findings may have significant implication for understanding sudden infant death syndrome, whose victims are seemingly normal infants with no known pathologies. The peak incidence of SIDS is not at birth, but between the second and fourth months after birth, a theoretical critical period of postnatal respiratory development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.198945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T21:38:06Z","timestamp":1299015486000},"page":"1991-2006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Excitatory\u2013inhibitory imbalance in hypoglossal neurons during the critical period of postnatal development in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"589","author":[{"given":"Xiu\u2010ping","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing\u2010song","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret T. 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