{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:25:45Z","timestamp":1791606345899,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>AmmTX3, a member of the \u03b1\u2010KTX15 family of scorpion toxins, efficiently and specifically blocks the subthreshold\u2010operating A\u2010type K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> current in cerebellar granule neurons from wild\u2010type mice but not in neurons from mice lacking the Kv4 channel\u2010associated protein DPP6.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In heterologous cells high\u2010affinity blockade of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 channels by AmmTX3 requires the presence of the associated proteins DPP6 and DPP10.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results validate AmmTX3 as a specific blocker of Kv4 channels in CNS neurons and explain the discrepancy between previous observations in neurons and heterologous cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>They contribute a powerful tool to investigate the physiological role of A\u2010type K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> currents, believed to be important in dendritic integration and plasticity and to be involved in a number of diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our results demonstrate that, in addition to changing the kinetics and voltage dependence of Kv4 channel complexes, DDP\u2010like Kv4\u2010associated proteins also affect their pharmacological profile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract\u2002<\/jats:bold> K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channels containing Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 pore\u2010forming subunits mediate most of the subthreshold\u2010operating somatodendritic A\u2010type K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> current in CNS neurons. These channels are believed to be important in regulating the frequency of repetitive firing, the backpropagation of action potential into dendrites, and dendritic integration and plasticity. Moreover, they have been implicated in several diseases from pain to epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. The lack of toxins that specifically and efficiently block these channels has hampered studies aimed at confirming their functional role and their involvement in disease. AmmTX3 and other related members of the \u03b1\u2010KTX15 family of scorpion toxins have been shown to block the A\u2010type K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> current in cultured neurons, but their specificity has been questioned because the toxins do not efficiently block the currents mediated by Kv4.2 or Kv4.3 subunits expressed in heterologous cells. Here we show that the high\u2010affinity blockade of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 channels by AmmTX3 depends on the presence of the auxiliary subunits DPP6 and DPP10. These proteins are thought to be components of the Kv4 channel complex in neurons and to be important for channel expression in dendrites. These studies validate the use of AmmTX3 as a blocker of the Kv4\u2010mediated A\u2010type K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> current in neurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.248831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T03:50:45Z","timestamp":1361850645000},"page":"2419-2427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Dipeptidyl\u2010peptidase\u2010like\u2010proteins confer high sensitivity to the scorpion toxin AmmTX3 to Kv4\u2010mediated A\u2010type K<sup>+<\/sup> channels"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"591","author":[{"given":"Jon K.","family":"Maffie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Dvoretskova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre 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