{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:03:32Z","timestamp":1773662612115,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]],"date-time":"2003-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1070236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Outer hair cells (OHC) serve as electromechanical amplifiers that guarantee the unique sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the mammalian cochlea. It is unknown whether the afferent fibres connected to adult OHCs are functional. If so, voltage\u2010activated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels would be required for afferent synaptic transmission. In neonatal OHCs, Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels seem to play a role in maturation since OHCs from Ca<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>1.3\u2010deficient (Ca<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>1.3<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice degenerate shortly after the onset of hearing. We therefore studied whole\u2010cell Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> currents in outer hair cells aged between postnatal day 1 (P1) and P8. OHCs showed a rapidly activating inward current that was 1.8 times larger with 10 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> as charge carrier (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ba<\/jats:sub>) than with equimolar Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>). <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ba<\/jats:sub> started activating at \u221250 mV with <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>=\u22121.9 \u00b1 6.9 mV, <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>=\u221215.0 \u00b1 7.1 mV and <jats:styled-content><jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>= 8.2<\/jats:styled-content>\u00b1 1.1 mV (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 34<\/jats:styled-content>). The peak <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ba<\/jats:sub> showed negligible inactivation (3.6 % after 300 ms) whereas the <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub> (10 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) was inactivated by 50.7 %. OHC <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ba<\/jats:sub> was reduced by 33.5 \u00b1 10.3 % (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 14<\/jats:styled-content>) with 10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> nifedipine and increased to 178.5 \u00b1 57.8 % (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 14<\/jats:styled-content>) by 5 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> Bay K 8644. A dose\u2010response curve for nifedipine revealed an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 2.3 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, a Hill coefficient of 2.7 and a maximum block of 36 %. Average <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ba<\/jats:sub> density in OHCs was 24.4 \u00b1 10.8 pA pF<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 105<\/jats:styled-content>) which is only 38 % of the value in inner hair cells. Single cell RT\u2010PCR revealed expression of Ca<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>1.3 in OHCs. In OHCs from Ca<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>1.3<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice, Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> current density was reduced to 0.6 \u00b1 0.5 pA pF<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 9<\/jats:styled-content>) indicating that &gt; 97 % of the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel current in OHCs flows through Ca<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>1.3.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,30]],"date-time":"2003-09-30T01:03:57Z","timestamp":1064883837000},"page":"747-758","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Ca<sub>v<\/sub>1.3 (\u03b11D) Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> Currents in Neonatal Outer Hair Cells of Mice"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"553","author":[{"given":"Marcus","family":"Michna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Knirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Charles","family":"Hoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Muenkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Platzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Striessnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2962","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-08-02962.1998","article-title":"Electrical properties of frog saccular hair cells: distortion by enzymatic dissociation","volume":"18","author":"Armstrong CE","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(86)90073-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1987.sp016492"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)90031-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.2.816","article-title":"Biophysical properties, pharmacology, and modulation of human, neuronal L\u2010type (\u03b11D, Cav1. 3) voltage\u2010dependent calcium currents","volume":"85","author":"Bell DC","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)61108-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-13-04593.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(02)00047-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3966153"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn959"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050486"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(95)00050-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)01632-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(91)90081-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(83)90136-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)81865-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81057-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anatomical differences in the peripheral auditory system of mammals and man. A mini review","volume":"59","author":"Felix H","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(199810)37:1<171::AID-NEU13>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018272"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1997.0087"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn796"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(97)00108-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(03)00054-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.67010037.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.4.949"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90072-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.9.1.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14883"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101469200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/28401"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10471"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/304538a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0935295100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240051134"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2003.00383.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00653.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76681-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:22:1-3:041"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.2.883"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90136-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(92)07008-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050464"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00013-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","first-page":"156","volume-title":"Development of the Auditory System, Springer Handbook of Auditory Research","author":"Pujol R","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(85)90006-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00669.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(03)70066-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1050-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(92)90115-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M103724200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.037481"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Functional expression and characterization of a voltage\u2010gated CaV1. 3 (\u03b11D) calcium channel subunit from an insulin\u2010secreting cell line","volume":"15","author":"Scholze A","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Development of Auditory and Vestibular Systems","author":"Sobkowicz H","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00482.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00689.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4257(01)00082-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052609899"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90109-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-16-05944.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000018003.14304.E2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.105.4.441"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(95)80305-X"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.2003.053256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T02:52:01Z","timestamp":1693882321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.053256","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}}}