{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T06:07:40Z","timestamp":1761718060503},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Turbulence inducement from the glottis was scrutinized by employing an idealized model of the larynx and trachea for oscillatory flow conditions. The characterization of turbulence was achieved with the two-component velocity measurements of split-film probe anemometry and with the flow visualization of a smoke-wire technique. The apertures of two different (triangular and circular) shapes were utilized in the airway model to address the distinct effects of the triangular-shaped glottal aperture on the generation, development, and decay of turbulence. One of the salient turbulence characteristics for the triangular aperture case was found to be the relatively high turbulence levels around the center region (2r\/D ~ 0) in conjunction with the asymmetric mean axial velocity across the frontal-rear (A-O-P) plane of the trachea at one tracheal diameter (x\/D = 1) downstream from the glottis. The detailed turbulence properties such as the Reynolds shear stresses and turbulence intensities for the triangular aperture case differed significantly from those for the circular aperture case within a few tracheal diameters (x\/D &lt; 7) downstream from the apertures. The glottis-induced turbulence was incipient during the acceleration phase of inspiration and convected downstream with the traits of decaying turbulence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2798305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,21]],"date-time":"2008-02-21T15:37:32Z","timestamp":1203608252000},"page":"217-226","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Characteristics of Glottis-Induced Turbulence in Oscillatory Flow: An Empirical Investigation"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Yongchul","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston, MA 02215"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. E.","family":"Wroblewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston, MA 02215"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100411440221800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akhavan\n              R.\n            , KammR. D., and ShapiroA. H., 1991, \u201cAn Investigation of Transition to Turbulence in Bounded Oscillatory Stokes Flows, Part 1. Experiments,\u201d Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 225, pp. 395\u2013422.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112091002100"},{"key":"2019100411440221800_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed\n              S. A.\n            , and GiddensD. 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C.\n            , PattijnJ., ClementJ., and WoestijneK. P. V. D., 1972, \u201cGlottis Opening and Airway Resistance,\u201d Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 32(4), pp. 460\u2013466.","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1972.32.4.460"},{"key":"2019100411440221800_r37","unstructured":"Torii, K., 1979, \u201cFlow Visualization by Smoke-Wire Technique,\u201d Flow Visualization, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington, DC, pp. 251\u2013256."},{"key":"2019100411440221800_r38","unstructured":"Wills, J. A. B., 1980, \u201cHot-Wire and Hot-Film Anemometry,\u201d NM1R82, National Maritime Institute, Middlesex, England."}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article-pdf\/120\/2\/217\/5766732\/217_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article-pdf\/120\/2\/217\/5766732\/217_1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T11:44:22Z","timestamp":1570189462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article\/120\/2\/217\/399876\/Characteristics-of-GlottisInduced-Turbulence-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.2798305","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-0731","1528-8951"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-0731","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-8951","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]}}}