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This paper also presents the technical and architectural issues associated with auto-DR and description of the demand response automation server (DRAS), the client\/server architecture-based middleware used to automate the interactions between the utilities or any DR serving entity and their customers for DR programs. Use case diagrams are presented to show the role of the DRAS between utility\/ISO and the clients at the facilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3130788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,4]],"date-time":"2009-06-04T18:25:47Z","timestamp":1244139947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Design and Operation of an Open, Interoperable Automated Demand Response Infrastructure for Commercial Buildings"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Piette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-3111, Berkeley, CA 94720"}]},{"given":"Girish","family":"Ghatikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720"}]},{"given":"Sila","family":"Kiliccote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-3111, Berkeley, CA 94720"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LBNL and Advisory Board, Akuacom, 25 Bellam Boulevard, Suite 215, San Rafael, CA 94901"}]},{"given":"Ed","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Akuacom, 25 Bellam Boulevard, Suite 215, San Rafael, CA 94901"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Hennage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Development, Akuacom, 25 Bellam Boulevard, Suite 215, San Rafael, CA 94901"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100512520784500_c1","unstructured":"California Energy Commission (CEC), California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), et al., 2005, \u201cState of California, Energy Action Plan II: Implementation Roadmap for Energy Policies,\u201d pp. 3\u20135, CEC, Jan. 2, http:\/\/www.energy.ca.gov\/energy_action_plan\/2005-09-21_EAP2_FINAL.PDF."},{"key":"2019100512520784500_c2","unstructured":"California Energy Commission (CEC), 2003, \u201c2003 Integrated Energy Policy Report,\u201d CEC, Jan. 2, http:\/\/www.energy.ca.gov\/reports\/100-03-019F.PDF."},{"key":"2019100512520784500_c3","unstructured":"United States General Accounting Office (GAO), 2004, \u201cElectricity Markets: Consumers Could Benefit for Demand Response Programs, But Challenges Remain,\u201d GAO, Jan. 2, http:\/\/www.gao.gov\/new.items\/d04844.pdf."},{"key":"2019100512520784500_c4","unstructured":"Quantum Consulting Inc. and Summit Blue Consulting, LLC Working Group 2, 2005, \u201cDemand Response Program Evaluation\u2014Final Report,\u201d Prepared for Working Group 2 Measurement and Evaluation Committee and Southern California Edison Company, Apr. 28, California Energy Commission, Jan. 2."},{"key":"2019100512520784500_c5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piette, M. 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