{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:37:35Z","timestamp":1776209855103,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering this article will provide a retrospective of past research on intelligent systems in engineering design research, and new perspectives. Intelligent systems and expert design knowledge have become important and integral parts of systems that support product design; they are embedded in many CAD tools, design knowledge repositories, design assistants, and design critics. Such tools have become common place for assisting designers in creating new designs, modifying old ones, or storing expert design knowledge for later use by oneself, other designers or future generations. Intelligent systems are becoming increasingly important as computer technologies have matured, and global competition has demanded increasingly better products, faster. As these trends continue, intelligent systems will be increasingly necessary for competitiveness. This retrospective will present past advances in a range of areas from model-based and case-based reasoning, machine learning, biologically inspired design, creative design, and virtual design. The work described has roots in many disciplines including engineering, artificial intelligence, psychology, human factors and management science. We present this work with an aim to identify directions in which the field is moving, and more importantly, to gain insights into future directions and critical areas for future research investments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3593410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]],"date-time":"2011-06-22T22:37:09Z","timestamp":1308782229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Intelligent Support for Product Design: Looking Backward, Looking\n                    Forward"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Caroline C.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Department of Mechanical Engineering, , Minneapolis, MN"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Computer and Cognitive Science, , Atlanta, GA"}]},{"given":"Irem Y.","family":"Tumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon State University Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, , Corvallis, OR"}]},{"given":"Alice M.","family":"Agogino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Regli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drexel University , Department of Computer Science, Philadelphia, PA"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022060618070084300_c1","first-page":"228","article-title":"Artificial\n                        Intelligence for Design","volume-title":"Formal Engineering Design\n                        Synthesis","author":"Stahovich"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c2","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence\n                        in Engineering Design","author":"Tong"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c3","article-title":"Introduction","volume-title":"Artificial\n                        Intelligence in Engineering Design","author":"Tong"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction","volume-title":"Artificial\n                        Intelligence in Engineering Design","author":"Tong"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c5","article-title":"Design","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Artificial\n                        Intelligence","author":"Brown","edition":"2nd ed."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060407070114","article-title":"Intelligent\n                        Computer-Aided Design Systems: Past 20 Years and Future 20\n                        Years?","volume":"21","author":"Tomiyama","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal.\n                        Manuf."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/MAHC.2003.1253887","article-title":"Lovelace &\n                        Babbage and the Creation of the 1843 \u2018Notes\u2019","volume":"25","author":"Fuegi","journal-title":"IEEE\n                        Ann."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newell,\n                                A., and\n                                Simon, H.\n                                A., 1956,\n                        \u201cThe Logic Theory Machine: A Complex Information Processing\n                        System,\u201d Rand Corporation Report, Report No. P.\n                        868.","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1956.1056797"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c9","volume-title":"Human Problem Solving,","author":"Newell"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/CGIV.2008.67","article-title":"Evolution of\n                        Computer Graphics and its Impact on Engineering Product\n                        Development","volume-title":"Fifth International Conference on\n                        Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization,","author":"Sathyanarayana"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c11","unstructured":"Sutherland, I.\n                                E.\n          , 1963,\n                        \u201cSketchpad: A Man-Machine Graphical Communication\n                        System,\u201d Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of\n                    Technology, Cambridge, MA. (Also published as University of Cambridge Technical\n                    Report, Report No. UCAM-CL-TR-574,\n                    2003.)"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c12","volume-title":"The Sciences of the Artificial","author":"Simon","edition":"1st ed."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"030301","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3488656","article-title":"Special Issue on\n                        Artificial Intelligence in Design","volume":"10","author":"Goel","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput.\n                        Inf. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-6782(00)00073-4","article-title":"An Investigation\n                        of the Use of Global, Virtual and Collocated New Product Development\n                        Teams","volume":"18","author":"McDonough","journal-title":"J. Prod. Innovation Manage."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c15","article-title":"Managing Global New Product Development\n                        Teams","volume-title":"Institute for\n                        Global Innovation Management","author":"Barczak"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c16","article-title":"Barriers to Collaboration in Global Teams: A Case\n                        Study","volume-title":"Virtual Engineering","author":"Hayes"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1109\/17.797960","article-title":"Managing\n                        Communication in Global Product Development Teams","volume":"46","author":"McDonough","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01580003","article-title":"A Review of\n                        Mechanical Engineering Design \u2013 I","volume":"1","author":"Finger","journal-title":"Res. Eng.\n                        Des."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01580205","article-title":"A Review of\n                        Mechanical Engineering Design \u2013 II","volume":"1","author":"Finger","journal-title":"Res. Eng.\n                        Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c20","volume-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems in Engineering","author":"Dym"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c21","volume-title":"Engineering Design: A\n                        Synthesis of Views","author":"Dym"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(73)90008-8","article-title":"Automated Space\n                        Planning","volume":"4","author":"Eastman","journal-title":"AI Intell."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c23","article-title":"Electrical Design: A Problem for Artificial Intelligence\n                        Research","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International\n                        Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-77),","author":"Sussman"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c24","first-page":"227","article-title":"Circuit Design as Problem Solving","volume-title":"AI and Pattern Recognition,","author":"McDermott"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c25","article-title":"Artificial\n                        intelligence and pattern Recognition in CAD","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Federation for Information\n                        Processing (IFIP) Working Conference","author":"Latombe"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c26","first-page":"508","article-title":"Failure Processing In a System for Designing Complex\n                        Assemblies","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International\n                        Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Latombe"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(82)90021-2","article-title":"R1: A Rule-Based\n                        Configurer of Computer Systems","volume":"19","author":"McDermott","journal-title":"Artif.\n                        Intell."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(93)90192-E","article-title":"(\u2018XCON\u2019) at\n                        Age 12: Lessons From an Elementary School Achiever","volume":"59","author":"McDermott","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"7","key":"2022060618070084300_c29","first-page":"92","article-title":"Knowledge and\n                        Control for a Mechanical Design Expert System","volume":"19","author":"Brown","journal-title":"IEEE\n                        Comput. Graphics Appl."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Design Problem Solving:\n                        Knowledge Structures and Control Strategies","author":"Brown","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-273-08766-3.50006-2"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022060618070084300_c31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1986.1663284","article-title":"PRIDE: An Expert\n                        System for the Design of Paper Handling Systems","volume":"19","author":"Mittal","journal-title":"IEEE Comput."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c32","article-title":"Design as\n                        Refinement Plus Constraint Propagation: The VEXED\n                    Experience","volume-title":"Proceedings of the National Conference on\n                        AI (AAAI-87)","author":"Steinberg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c33","first-page":"95","article-title":"VT: An Expert\n                        Elevator Designer that Uses Knowledge-Based Backtracking","volume":"9","author":"Marcus","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c34","first-page":"109","article-title":"ADIS: Assistive\n                        Device Interface Selector for the Disabled","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ASME International Computers in Engineering\n                        Conference","author":"Hsi"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c35","first-page":"111","article-title":"An Overview of\n                        Knowledge-Based Configuration","volume":"10","author":"Stumptner","journal-title":"AI Comm."},{"issue":"4741","key":"2022060618070084300_c36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1126\/science.231.4741.951","article-title":"Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence\n                        Programming","volume":"231","author":"Bobrow","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1145\/129852.129861","article-title":"Survey of Expert Critiquing Systems: Practical and\n                        Theoretical Frontiers","volume":"35","author":"Silverman","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c38","first-page":"45","article-title":"Expert Critics in Engineering Design: Lessons Learned and\n                        Research Needs","volume":"13","author":"Silverman","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293X9400200202","article-title":"Integrating {DFM} With {CAD} Through Design\n                        Critiquing","volume":"2","author":"Gupta","journal-title":"Concurr. Eng. Res. Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01596601","article-title":"Automated\n                        Manufacturability Analysis: A Survey","volume":"9","author":"Gupta","journal-title":"Res. Eng.\n                        Des."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/5254.683210","article-title":"IMACS: A Case Study in Real-World Planning","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0887-3801(1997)11:1(60)","article-title":"SEDAR: Expert Critiquing System for Flat and Low-Slope Roof\n                        Design and Review","volume":"2","author":"Fu","journal-title":"J. Comput. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c43","volume-title":"The Human-Computer\n                        Interaction Handbook","author":"Smith"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c44","first-page":"123","article-title":"The Role of Critiquing in Cooperative Problem Solving,\n                        Association of Computing Machinery Transactions on Information\n                        Systems","volume":"9","author":"Fischer","journal-title":"Spec. Issue Comput.-Hum.\n                        Interact."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1518\/001872099779577363","article-title":"Interactive\n                        Critiquing as a Form of Decision Support: an Empirical\n                        Evaluation","volume":"41","author":"Guerlain","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90038-9","article-title":"Qualitative\n                        Process Theory","volume":"24","author":"Forbus","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(87)90063-4","article-title":"Diagnosing Multiple Faults","volume":"32","author":"deKleer","journal-title":"Artif.\n                        Intell."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/08839519408945438","article-title":"Functional\n                        Representation: A Brief Historical Perspective","volume":"8","author":"Chandrasekaran","journal-title":"Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c49","unstructured":"Vesely, W.\n                                E., Goldberg, F.\n                                F., Roberts, N.\n                                H., and Haasl, D.\n                                F., 1981,\n                    \u201cFault Tree Handbook\u201d, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington\n                    D.C."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c50","volume-title":"NASA\u2019s Use of Quantitative Risk Assessment for Safety\n                        Upgrades","author":"Greenfield"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c51","unstructured":"Bedford,\n                             and Cooke\n                        (2001)."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c52","volume-title":"Probabilistic Risk\n                        Assessment Procedures Guide for NASA Managers and Practitioners","author":"Stamatelatos"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/164360.164485","article-title":"Representing Functionality and Design Intent in Product\n                        Models","volume-title":"Proceedings on the Second ACM Symposium on\n                        Solid Modeling and Applications","author":"Henderson"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c54","first-page":"193","article-title":"Implications of Function-Form Fabrication Relations on\n                        Design Decomposition Strategies","volume-title":"Proceedings of the\n                        1986 ASME International Computers in Engineering Conference and\n                        Exhibition","author":"Rinderle"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c55","first-page":"1388","article-title":"Functional\n                        Representation of Designs and Redesign Problem Solving","volume-title":"Eleventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence\n                        (IJCAI-89)","author":"Goel"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400001670","article-title":"Functional Device\n                        Models and Model-Based Diagnosis in Adaptive Design","volume":"10","author":"Goel","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des., Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1985.6313353","article-title":"The Role of\n                        Hierarchical Knowledge Representation in Decision Making and System\n                        Management","volume":"15","author":"Rasmussen","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst., Man,\n                        Cybern."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c58","first-page":"317","article-title":"A Design\n                        Methodology for a Self-Maintenance Machine Based on Functional\n                        Redundancy","volume":"Vol. 42","author":"Umeda","journal-title":"ASME International Design Theory and\n                        Methodology Conference"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1109\/64.311276","article-title":"Using Functional\n                        Maintenance to Improve Fault Tolerance","volume":"9","author":"Umeda","journal-title":"IEEE\n                        Expert: Intell. Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00163-001-0008-3","article-title":"A Functional\n                        Basis for Engineering Design: Reconciling and Evolving Previous\n                        Efforts","volume":"13","author":"Hirtz","journal-title":"Res. Eng. Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2002\/DAC-34084","article-title":"An Analytical\n                        Approach to Functional Design","volume-title":"International Design\n                        Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in\n                        Engineering Conference","author":"Wang"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2008-49347","article-title":"Stress and\n                        Conceptual Strength for functional design for reliability","volume-title":"International Design Engineering Technical Conferences &\n                        Computers and Information in Engineering Conference,","author":"Huang"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2205868","article-title":"\u201cRisk Based Decision Making for Managing Resources During the\n                        Design of Complex Aerospace Systems","volume":"128","author":"Mehr","journal-title":"ASME J. Mech.\n                        Des."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c64","first-page":"57","article-title":"\u201cConsideration of\n                        Failure Diagnosis in Conceptual Design of Mechanical\n                    Systems","volume":"118","author":"Paasch","journal-title":"J. Mech. Des."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021002","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3130775","article-title":"Health Management\n                        Allocation During Conceptual System Design","volume":"9","author":"Hoyle","journal-title":"J.\n                        Comput. Inform. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/03052158708941088","article-title":"Techniques for\n                        Integrating Qualitative Reasoning and Symbolic Computation in Engineering\n                        Optimization","volume":"12","author":"Agogino","journal-title":"Engineering Optimization"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400001633","article-title":"Function-Behaviour-Structure Paths and their Role in\n                        Analogy-Based Design","volume":"10","author":"Qian","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des.,\n                        Anal. Manuf."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sasajima,\n                                M.,\n                                Kitamura,\n                                Y.,\n                                Mitsuru,\n                                I., and\n                                Mizoguchi,\n                                R.,\n                        1996, \u201cA Representation\n                        Language for Behavior and Function: FBRL,\u201d Expert\n                        Syst. Appl.10(3\/4).10.1016\/0957-4174(96)00027-9","DOI":"10.1016\/0957-4174(96)00027-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c69","first-page":"42","article-title":"Functional\n                        Reasoning in Design","volume":"12","author":"Umeda","journal-title":"IEEE Expert Intell. Syst.\n                        Appl."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c70","volume-title":"Engineering Design: A\n                        Systematic Approach","author":"Pahl"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c71","volume-title":"Theory of Technical Systems","author":"Hubka"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/09544829108901689","article-title":"Design\n                        Methodology","volume":"2","author":"Andreasen","journal-title":"J. Eng. Des."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022060618070084300_c73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-694X(01)00008-4","article-title":"A Scheme for\n                        Functional Reasoning in Design","volume":"22","author":"Chakrabarti","journal-title":"Des.\n                    Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c74","first-page":"113","article-title":"Model-Based\n                        Discovery of Physical Principles from Design Experiences","volume":"8","author":"Bhatta","journal-title":"AI Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf., Spec. Issue Mach. Learn. Des."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022060618070084300_c75","first-page":"601","article-title":"Model-Based\n                        Indexing and Index Learning in Engineering Design","volume":"9","author":"Bhatta","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. AI, Spec. Issue Mach. Learn. Eng."},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"2022060618070084300_c76","first-page":"77","article-title":"Representation of\n                        Functional Relations Among Parts and its Application to Product Failure\n                        Reasoning","volume":"3","author":"Hata","journal-title":"Journal for Manufacturing Science and\n                        Production"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022060618070084300_c77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"051401","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2885181","article-title":"A Graph Based Fault Identification and Propagation Framework\n                        for Functional Design of Complex Systems","volume":"30","author":"Kurtoglu","journal-title":"ASME J.\n                        Mech. Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2009-87064","article-title":"Flow State Logic\n                        (FSL) for Analysis of Failure Propagation in Early Design","volume-title":"International Design Theory and Methodology Conference,\n                        IDETC\/CIE","author":"Jensen"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022060618070084300_c79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00163-010-0086-1","article-title":"A Functional\n                        Failure Reasoning Methodology for Evaluation of Conceptual System\n                        Architectures","volume":"21","author":"Kurtoglu","journal-title":"Res. Eng. Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tumer, I.\n                                Y., and Smidts, C.\n                                S., 2011,\n                        \u201cIntegrated Design and Analysis of Software-Driven Hardware\n                        Systems,\u201d IEEE Trans. Comput., Spec. Issue Sci. Des\n                        Saf.-Crit. Syst. (in\n                    press).","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2010.245"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Inside Case-Based\n                        Reasoning","author":"Riesbeck","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203781821"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c82","volume-title":"Case-Based\n                        Reasoning","author":"Kolodner"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c83","article-title":"Case-Based\n                        Reasoning in CYCLOPS: A Design Problem Solver","volume-title":"Proceedings of the First DARPA Workshop on Case-Based\n                        Reasoning","author":"Navinchandra"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Exploration and\n                        Innovation in Design,","author":"Navinchandra","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3114-1"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c85","first-page":"349","article-title":"Using Experiences\n                        to Plan the Synthesis of New Designs","volume-title":"Expert\n                        Systems in Computer-Aided Design","author":"Maher"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01199293","article-title":"Using Analogical\n                        Reasoning to Design Buildings","volume":"4","author":"Zhao","journal-title":"Eng.\n                        Comput."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1109\/64.21891","article-title":"Argo: A System\n                        for Design by Analogy","volume":"3","author":"Huhns","journal-title":"IEEE Expert"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c88","unstructured":"Goel,\n                            A., and\n                                Chandrasekaran,\n                                B.,\n                        1988, \u201cIntegrating\n                        Case-Based and Model-Based Reasoning for Design Problem\n                        Solving,\u201d AAAI-88 Workshop on Design, St. Paul,\n                        Minnesota."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c89","first-page":"50","article-title":"Integrating\n                        Case-Based and Model-Based Reasoning: A Computational Model of Design\n                        Problem Solving","volume":"13","author":"Goel","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1109\/64.585102","article-title":"Case-Based\n                        Reasoning in Design","volume":"12","author":"Maher","journal-title":"IEEE Expert."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c91","volume-title":"Issues and Applications\n                        of Case-Based Reasoning in Design","author":"Maher"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022060618070084300_c92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1109\/64.163668","article-title":"Case-Based\n                        Decision Support: A Case Study in Architectural Design","volume":"7","author":"Pearce","journal-title":"IEEE Expert"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c93","first-page":"145","article-title":"Retrieval\n                        Strategies in a Case-Based Design System","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design","author":"Sycara"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400000780","article-title":"Using the Points\n                        of Large Cases","volume":"7","author":"Domeshek","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal.\n                        Manuf."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c95","first-page":"121","article-title":"A Multimedia Concept Database for Improved Life Cycle\n                        Design","volume-title":"Engineering Databases; An Enterprise\n                        Resource","author":"Bradley"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2161229","article-title":"CAFixD: A Case-Based Reasoning Fixture Design Method.\n                        Framework and Indexing Mechanisms","volume":"6","author":"Boyle","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput.\n                        Inform. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c97","volume-title":"Reasoning With Complex\n                        Cases","author":"Gebhardt"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c98","article-title":"Structural Similarity and Adaptation, Advances in Case-based\n                        Reasoning","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third European\n                        Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning (EWCBR-96)","author":"B\u00f6rner"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-60598-3_9","article-title":"Spatial\n                        Composition Using Cases: IDIOM","volume":"1010","author":"Smith","journal-title":"Lect. Notes Comput.\n                        Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0954-1810(95)00026-7","article-title":"CADRE: Case-Based\n                        Geometric Design","volume":"10","author":"Hua","journal-title":"Artificial Intell. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-1810(96)00048-9","article-title":"Working from\n                        Blueprints: Evolutionary Learning in Design","volume":"11","author":"Louis, S.","journal-title":"Artif.\n                        Intell. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"031005","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3462920","article-title":"Case-Based Reasoning for Evolutionary\n                    Design","volume":"10","author":"Cobb","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Case-Based Reasoning in Design","author":"Maher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315806174"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-7051(91)90001-I","article-title":"Assembly Sequence\n                        Planning Using Case-Based Reasoning Techniques","volume":"4","author":"Pu","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Syst."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00993480","article-title":"Synthesis of UNIX\n                        Programs Using Derivational Analogy","volume":"10","author":"Bhansali","journal-title":"Machine\n                        Learn."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c106","first-page":"151","article-title":"Design \u00e0 la D\u00e9j\u00e0\n                        Vu: Reducing the Adaptation Overhead","volume-title":"Case-Based\n                        Reasoning: Experiences, Lessons and Future Directions","author":"Smyth"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c107","first-page":"457","article-title":"AskJef:\n                        Integration of Case-Based and Multimedia Technologies for Interface Design\n                        Support","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Design\n                        \u201892","author":"Barber"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022060618070084300_c108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(00)00087-X","article-title":"Drawing on the\n                        Back of an Envelope: A Framework for Interacting With Application Programs\n                        by Freehand Drawing","volume":"24","author":"Gross","journal-title":"Comput. Graphics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-006-8868-x","article-title":"Visual Analogy:\n                        Viewing Retrieval and Mapping as Constraint Satisfaction","volume":"25","author":"Yaner","journal-title":"J. Appl. Intell."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2008.09.006","article-title":"A Computational\n                        Model of Visual Analogies in Design","volume":"10","author":"Davies","journal-title":"J. Cognit.\n                        Syst. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060498122096","article-title":"A Foundation for\n                        Machine Learning in Design","volume":"12","author":"Sim","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng.\n                        Des. Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s00163-003-0044-2","article-title":"Evolving a Model\n                        of Learning in Design","volume":"15","author":"Sim","journal-title":"Res. Eng. Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c113","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Dimensions of Machine Learning in Design","author":"Grecu"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400000706","article-title":"Learning of\n                        Design Concepts Using Machine Learning Techniques","volume":"8","author":"Maher","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0954-1810(93)90006-2","article-title":"The Development\n                        of BRIDGER: A Methodological Study of Research on the Use of Machine\n                        Learning in Design","volume":"8","author":"Reich","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0887-3801(1994)8:3(286)","article-title":"Machine Learning\n                        of Design Rules: Methodology and Case Study","volume":"8","author":"Arciszewski","journal-title":"ASCE\n                        J. Comput. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1115\/1.533564","article-title":"LearnIT: An\n                        Instance-Based Approach Learning and Reusing Design\n                        Strategies","volume":"122","author":"Stahovich","journal-title":"ASME J. Mech. Des."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c118","volume-title":"Notes on the Synthesis of\n                        Form","author":"Alexander"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c119","volume-title":"A Pattern\n                        Language\u2014Towns, Buildings, Construction","author":"Alexander"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060409990199","article-title":"Evaluating an\n                        Evolutionary Method of Design Style Imitation","volume":"25","author":"Gomez da Silva Garza","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-1810(97)00037-X","article-title":"Space Layout\n                        Planning Using an Evolutionary Approach","volume":"12","author":"Jo","journal-title":"Artif.\n                        Intell. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c122","first-page":"650","article-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated\n                        Manufacturing","volume-title":"16th International\n                            Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent\n                        Manufacturing","author":"Li"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2720883","article-title":"A Tandem\n                        Evolutionary Algorithm for Platform Product Customization","volume":"7","author":"Huang","journal-title":"J. Comput. Inform. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85068-7_19","article-title":"Knowledge-Based\n                        Evolutionary Linkages in MEMS Design Synthesis","volume-title":"Linkage in Evolutionary Computation","author":"Cobb"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c125","first-page":"327","article-title":"Optimal Design of\n                        Flywheels Using an Injection Island Genetic Algorithm","volume":"13","author":"Eby","journal-title":"AI Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-1810(96)00050-7","article-title":"A Genetic\n                        Algorithm for Continuous Design Space Search","volume":"11","author":"Rasheed","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c127","first-page":"169","article-title":"Innovative Design of Mechanical Structures from First\n                        Principles","volume":"1","author":"Cagan","journal-title":"AI Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1068\/b070343","article-title":"Introduction to\n                        Shape and Shape Grammars","volume":"7","author":"Stiny","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. B: Plan.\n                        Des"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400002353","article-title":"Formal Graph\n                        Languages of Shape?","volume":"4","author":"Fitzhorn","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal.\n                        Manuf."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c130","first-page":"325","article-title":"Grammars for\n                        Machine Design","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Design\n                        \u201896","author":"Schmidt"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060400003310","article-title":"Innovative Dome\n                        Design: Applying Geodesic Patterns with Shape Annealing","volume":"11","author":"Shea","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf. (AIEDAM)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/64.590078","article-title":"Design, Analogy\n                        and Creativity","volume":"12","author":"Goel","journal-title":"IEEE Expert"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c133","first-page":"50","article-title":"Towards More\n                        Creative Case-Based Design Systems","volume-title":"Proceedings of\n                        the Twelfth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Wills"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2007.4424490","article-title":"Case-Based\n                        Reasoning and Object-Oriented Data Structures Exploit Biological Analogs to\n                        Generate Virtual Evolutionary Linkages","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary\n                            Computation (CEC2007)","author":"Cobb"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c135","first-page":"283","volume":"24","author":"Hey","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng.\n                        Educ."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2008-49331","article-title":"Meta4acle:\n                        Generating Compelling Metaphors for Design","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Deign Theory and\n                        Methodology","author":"Kolb"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c137","article-title":"Creativity as an\n                        Exact Science: The Theory of the Solution of Inventive\n                        Problems","volume-title":"Translated from Russian by A. Williams\n                        (1988)","author":"Altshuller"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c138","first-page":"147","article-title":"Kinematics\n                        Tolerance Analysis","volume":"29","author":"Joskowicz","journal-title":"CAD"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2022060618070084300_c139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(98)00058-7","article-title":"Generating\n                        Multiple New Designs from a Sketch","volume":"104","author":"Stahovich","journal-title":"Artif.\n                        Intell."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890060408000085","article-title":"From Design\n                        Drawings to Structural Models by Compositional Analogy","volume":"22","author":"Yaner","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf., Spec. Issue Multimodal\n                        Des."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022060618070084300_c141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.32.5.554","article-title":"Organizational Information Requirements, Media Richness and\n                        Structural Design","volume":"32","author":"Daft","journal-title":"Manage. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060618070084300_c142","first-page":"4","article-title":"Trust and the\n                        Virtual Organization","volume":"73","author":"Handy","journal-title":"Harvard Bus. Rev."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2006.00232.x","article-title":"The Effect of IT\n                        and Co-location on Knowledge Dissemination","volume":"24","author":"Song","journal-title":"J.\n                        Prod. Innovation Manage."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, J.\n                                C., and Leifer, L.\n                                J., 1988,\n                        \u201cA Framework for Understanding the Workspace Activity of\n                        Design Teams,\u201d Assoc. Comput. Mach., pp.\n                        244\u2013249.","DOI":"10.1145\/62266.62285"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c145","first-page":"217","article-title":"Managing a Trois: A Study of a Multi-user Drawing Tool in\n                        Distributed Design Work","volume-title":"Conference on Human\n                        Factors in Computing Systems, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human\n                        Factors in Computing Systems: Reaching Through Technology","author":"Minneman"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060618070084300_c146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1075\/gest.1.1.04emm","article-title":"Gesture, Thought,\n                        and Spatial Language","volume":"1","author":"Emmorey","journal-title":"Gesture"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci1903_3","article-title":"Gesture Over Video Streams to Support Remote Collaboration\n                        on Physical Tasks","volume":"19","author":"Fussel","journal-title":"Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022060618070084300_c148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-694X(02)00034-0","article-title":"Metrics for\n                        Measuring Ideation Effectiveness","volume":"24","author":"Shah","journal-title":"Des.\n                        Stud."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c149","volume-title":"Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies","author":"Bar-Cohen"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c150","volume-title":"Biomimicry: Innovation\n                        Inspired by Nature","author":"Benyus"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2001.0923","article-title":"Systematic\n                        Transfer from Biology to Engineering","volume":"360","author":"Vincent","journal-title":"Philos.\n                        Trans. R. Soc. London"},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c152","volume-title":"Evolutionary Computation: Toward a New Philosophy of Machine\n                        Intelligence","author":"Fogel","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"2022060618070084300_c153","unstructured":"Maher, M.\n                                L., and Fisher,\n                                D.,\n                        2010, \u201cCall for Papers\n                        for AAAI Spring Symposium on AI and Sustainable Design,\u201d\n                        http:\/\/www.vuse.vanderbilt.edu\/~dfisher\/AI-Design-Sustainability.html."}],"container-title":["Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/11\/2\/021007\/6883824\/021007_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/11\/2\/021007\/6883824\/021007_1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T18:08:32Z","timestamp":1654538912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article\/11\/2\/021007\/465780\/Intelligent-Support-for-Product-Design-Looking"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"references-count":153,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.3593410","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-9827","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-7078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"article-number":"021007"}}