{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T23:31:20Z","timestamp":1783467080472,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Determination of physiological loads in human lumbar spine is critical for understanding the mechanisms of lumbar diseases and for designing surgical treatments. Computational models have been used widely to estimate the physiological loads of the spine during simulated functional activities. However, various assumptions on physiological factors such as the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), centers of mass (COMs) of the upper body and lumbar segments, and vertebral centers of rotation (CORs) have been made in modeling techniques. Systematic knowledge of how these assumptions will affect the predicted spinal biomechanics is important for improving the simulation accuracy. In this paper, we developed a 3D subject-specific numerical model of the lumbosacral spine including T12 and 90 muscles. The effects of the IAP magnitude and COMs locations on the COR of each motion segment and on the joint\/muscle forces were investigated using a global convergence optimization procedure when the subject was in a weight bearing standing position. The data indicated that the line connecting the CORs showed a smaller curvature than the lordosis of the lumbar spine in standing posture when the IAP was 0\u2009kPa and the COMs were 10\u2009mm anterior to the geometric center of the T12 vertebra. Increasing the IAP from 0\u2009kPa to 10\u2009kPa shifted the location of CORs toward the posterior direction (from 1.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.9\u2009mm anterior to intervertebral disc (IVD) centers to 40.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1\u2009mm posterior to the IVD centers) and reduced the average joint force (from 0.78\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11 Body weight (BW) to 0.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07 BW) and overall muscle force (from 349.3\u2009\u00b1\u200957.7 N to 221.5\u2009\u00b1\u200984.2 N). Anterior movement of the COMs from \u221230\u2009mm to 70\u2009mm relative to the geometric center of T12 vertebra caused an anterior shift of the CORs (from 25.1\u2009\u00b1\u20098.3\u2009mm posterior to IVD centers to 7.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.2\u2009mm anterior to IVD centers) and increases of average joint forces (from 0.78\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 BW to 0.93\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 BW) and muscle force (from 348.9\u2009\u00b1\u200947.7\u2009N to 452.9\u2009\u00b1\u200958.6\u2009N). Therefore, it is important to consider the IAP and correct COMs in order to accurately simulate human spine biomechanics. The method and results of this study could be useful for designing prevention strategies of spinal injuries and recurrences, and for enhancing rehabilitation efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4005541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T16:03:35Z","timestamp":1327334615000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effect of the Intra-Abdominal Pressure and the Center of Segmental Body Mass on the Lumbar Spine Mechanics \u2013 A Computational Parametric Study"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"W. M.","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 1215, Boston, MA 02114; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., GRJ 1215, Boston, MA 02114; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. B.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Services, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 1215, Boston, MA 02114"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 1215, Boston, MA 02114; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical School, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 1215, Boston, MA 02114"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2019100512162973300_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2009.05.008","article-title":"Comparison of Trunk Muscle Forces and Spinal Loads Estimated by Two Biomechanical Models","volume":"24","author":"Arjmand","journal-title":"Clin. 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