{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T22:18:56Z","timestamp":1759529936822,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the recent years, the physically based simulation has been developed and applied to various engineering processes. So far the use of this simulation method was limited to calculate the behavior of objects with large dimensions, as the calculation of small objects leads to severe inaccuracies. Thus, simulation results for small objects cannot be used in the engineering process. However, technical systems often consist of a variety of small functional components and workpieces. This paper proposes a new method to significantly improve the accuracy of physically based simulations of small objects by scaling. First, a set of scaling equations is introduced, which allow physically correct scaling of dynamic rigid body systems. Second, the equations are validated by simulating a cube with an edge length of only 20\u2009\u03bcm. In this simulation scenario, the new method is compared to the conventional, nonscaling physically based simulation and the improvements of the simulation results are examined. With the scaling equations, technical systems of small components and workpieces can virtually be tested and optimized. This affects a significant reduction of hardware based time and cost consuming experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4025590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T15:08:35Z","timestamp":1380640115000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Raising Accuracy in Physically Based Simulations Through Scaling Equations"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Associate e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Gunther","family":"Reinhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor for Machine Tools and Production Technologies at the Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Director of the Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management, Head of the Fraunhofer IWU Department for Resource-Efficient Converting Machines, Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management (iwb), Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Boltzmannstra\u00dfe 15, Garching\/Munich 85748, Germany"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100318465393600_B1","unstructured":"Reinhart, G., and Lacour, F.-F., 2009, \u201cPhysically Based Virtual Commissioning of Material Flow Intensive Manufacturing Plants,\u201d 3rd International Conference on Changeable, Agile, Reconfigurable and Virtual Production (CARV 2009), Munich, Germany, Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich, pp. 377\u2013386."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100318465393600_B2","first-page":"435","article-title":"Physically Based Simulation in Parts Feeding","volume":"102","year":"2012","journal-title":"Werkstattstechnik Online"},{"key":"2019100318465393600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berkowitz, D. R., and Canny, J., 1996, \u201cDesigning Parts Feeders Using Dynamic Simulation,\u201d Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA\u201996), Minneapolis, MN, IEEE, New York, pp. 1127\u20131132.","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.1996.506859"},{"key":"2019100318465393600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berkowitz, D. R., and Canny, J., 1997, \u201cA Comparison of Real and Simulated Designs for Vibratory Parts Feeding,\u201d Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA\u201997), Albuquerque, NM, IEEE, New York, pp. 2377\u20132382.","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.1997.619317"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100318465393600_B5","first-page":"192","article-title":"Application of a Physical Model for the Simulation of the Material Flow of a Manufacturing Plant","volume":"50","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inf. Technol."},{"key":"2019100318465393600_B6","unstructured":"Reinhart, G., and Lacour, F.-F., 2011, \u201cDesign Metaphors for Physically Based Virtual Commissioning,\u201d 44th CIRP International Conference on Manufacturing Systems (ICMS 2011), Madison, WI, p. 3. Available at: http:\/\/conferencing.uwex.edu\/conferences\/cirp2011\/documents\/finalprogram.pdf"},{"article-title":"Game Physics","volume-title":"Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology","year":"2004","key":"2019100318465393600_B7"},{"volume-title":"Game Physics Engine Development","year":"2007","key":"2019100318465393600_B8"},{"first-page":"7","article-title":"Bullet 2.78 Physics SDK Manual","year":"2011","key":"2019100318465393600_B9"},{"year":"2011","key":"2019100318465393600_B10","article-title":"Box2D v2.2.0 User Manual"},{"article-title":"Real-Time Collision Detection","volume-title":"Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology","year":"2005","key":"2019100318465393600_B11"},{"article-title":"Collision Detection in Interactive 3D Environments","volume-title":"Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology","year":"2004","key":"2019100318465393600_B12"},{"first-page":"69","article-title":"Physically Based Modeling: Rigid Body Simulation","year":"2001","key":"2019100318465393600_B13"},{"volume-title":"Kennzahlen und \u00c4hnlichkeitsgesetze im Ingenieurwesen","year":"1990","key":"2019100318465393600_B14"},{"issue":"5","key":"2019100318465393600_B15","first-page":"8","article-title":"Automated Shape Optimization of Orienting Devices for Vibratory Bowl Feeders","volume":"135","year":"2013","journal-title":"ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4025590\/6099231\/jcise_013_04_041009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4025590\/6099231\/jcise_013_04_041009.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T15:09:30Z","timestamp":1746025770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4025590\/370843\/Raising-Accuracy-in-Physically-Based-Simulations"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4025590","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-9827"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1944-7078"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"article-number":"041009"}}