{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T10:24:19Z","timestamp":1775384659196,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, we performed large eddy simulation (LES) of axisymmetric, and 75% stenosed, eccentric arterial models with steady inflow conditions at a Reynolds number of 1000. The results obtained are compared with the direct numerical simulation (DNS) data (Varghese et al., 2007, \u201cDirect Numerical Simulation of Stenotic Flows. Part 1. Steady Flow,\u201d J. Fluid Mech., 582, pp. 253\u2013280). An inhouse code (WenoHemo) employing high-order numerical methods for spatial and temporal terms, along with a 2nd order accurate ghost point immersed boundary method (IBM) (Mark, and Vanwachem, 2008, \u201cDerivation and Validation of a Novel Implicit Second-Order Accurate Immersed Boundary Method,\u201d J. Comput. Phys., 227(13), pp. 6660\u20136680) for enforcing boundary conditions on curved geometries is used for simulations. Three subgrid scale (SGS) models, namely, the classical Smagorinsky model (Smagorinsky, 1963, \u201cGeneral Circulation Experiments With the Primitive Equations,\u201d Mon. Weather Rev., 91(10), pp. 99\u2013164), recently developed Vreman model (Vreman, 2004, \u201cAn Eddy-Viscosity Subgrid-Scale Model for Turbulent Shear Flow: Algebraic Theory and Applications,\u201d Phys. Fluids, 16(10), pp. 3670\u20133681), and the Sigma model (Nicoud et al., 2011, \u201cUsing Singular Values to Build a Subgrid-Scale Model for Large Eddy Simulations,\u201d Phys. Fluids, 23(8), 085106) are evaluated in the present study. Evaluation of SGS models suggests that the classical constant coefficient Smagorinsky model gives best agreement with the DNS data, whereas the Vreman and Sigma models predict an early transition to turbulence in the poststenotic region. Supplementary simulations are performed using Open source field operation and manipulation (OpenFOAM) (\u201cOpenFOAM,\u201d http:\/\/www.openfoam.org\/) solver and the results are inline with those obtained with WenoHemo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4027610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T15:34:42Z","timestamp":1399390482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Large Eddy Simulation of Transitional Flow in an Idealized Stenotic Blood Vessel: Evaluation of Subgrid Scale Models"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Abhro","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kameswararao","family":"Anupindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yann","family":"Delorme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niranjan","family":"Ghaisas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dinesh A.","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven H.","family":"Frankel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2019100601463155800_B1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Blood Flow in Arteries","volume":"101","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu. 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