{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:46:08Z","timestamp":1775742368491,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Otitis media is the most common infectious disease in young children, which results in changes in the thickness and mechanical properties of the tympanic membrane (TM) and induces hearing loss. However, there are no published data for the dynamic properties of the TM in otitis media ears, and it is unclear how the mechanical property changes are related to TM thickness variation. This paper reports a study of the measurement of the dynamic properties of the TM in a chinchilla acute otitis media (AOM) model using acoustic loading and laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). AOM was created through transbullar injection of Haemophilus influenzae into the middle ear, and AOM samples were prepared 4 days after inoculation. Vibration of the TM specimen induced by acoustic loading was measured via LDV over a frequency range of 0.1\u20138\u2009kHz. The experiment was then simulated in a finite element (FE) model, and the inverse-problem solving method was used to determine the complex modulus in the frequency domain. Results from 12 ears (six control and six AOM) show that the storage modulus of the TM from AOM ears was on average 53% higher than that of control ears, while the loss factor was 17.3% higher in control ears than in AOM ears at low-frequency (f\u2009&lt;\u20091 kHz). At high-frequency (e.g., 8000\u2009Hz), there was a mean 40% increase in storage modulus of the TM from AOM compared to control samples. At peak frequency (e.g., 3\u2009kHz), there was a 19.5% increase in loss factor in control samples compared to AOM samples. These findings quantify the changes induced by AOM in the chinchilla TM, namely, a significant increase in both the storage and loss moduli.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4030410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,22]],"date-time":"2015-04-22T13:30:38Z","timestamp":1429709438000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dynamic Properties of Tympanic Membrane in a Chinchilla Otitis Media Model Measured With Acoustic Loading"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Zachary","family":"Yokell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and OU Bioengineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuelin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and OU Bioengineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong Z.","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Biomedical Engineering School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and OU Bioengineering Center, University of Oklahoma, 865 Asp Avenue, Room 200, Norman, OK 73019 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512543875100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-013-0379-y","article-title":"Mechanisms of Tympanic Membrane and Incus Mobility Loss in Acute Otitis Media Model of Guinea Pig","volume":"14","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"2019100512543875100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.12.005","article-title":"Factors Affecting Loss of Tympanic Membrane Mobility in Acute Otitis Media Model of Chinchilla","volume":"309","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100512543875100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-006-9227-0","article-title":"Viscoelastic Properties of Human Tympanic Membrane","volume":"35","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014501","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2838034","article-title":"A Method for Measuring Linearly Viscoelastic Properties of Human Tympanic Membrane Using Nanoindentation","volume":"130","year":"2008","journal-title":"ASME J. Biomech. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512543875100_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1504\/IJECB.2010.035260","article-title":"Dynamic Properties of Human Tympanic Membrane\u2014Experimental Measurement and Modeling Analysis","volume":"1","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Comput. Biomech."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0624-2","article-title":"Dynamic Properties of Human Tympanic Membrane Based on Frequency\u2013Temperature Superposition","volume":"41","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"2019100512543875100_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.01.001","article-title":"Dynamic Properties of Round Window Membrane in Guinea Pig Otitis Media Model Measured With Electromagnetic Stimulation","volume":"301","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100512543875100_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.6.2746-2762.1999","article-title":"Protection Against Development of Otitis Media Induced by Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae by Both Active and Passive Immunization in a Chinchilla Model of Virus\u2013Bacterium Superinfection","volume":"67","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100512543875100_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3454","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3454-3462.2003","article-title":"Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae Gene Expression Induced In Vivo in a Chinchilla Model of Otitis Media","volume":"71","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2003.08.007","article-title":"Reduced Severity of Middle Ear Infection Caused by Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae Lacking the Hemoglobin\/Hemoglobin\u2013Haptoglobin Binding Proteins (Hgp) in a Chinchilla Model of Otitis Media","volume":"36","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-327","article-title":"A Functional tonB Gene is Required for Both Virulence and Competitive Fitness in a Chinchilla Model of Haemophilus Influenzae Otitis Media","volume":"5","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"2019100512543875100_B12","volume-title":"Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues","year":"1993"},{"key":"2019100512543875100_B13","volume-title":"Finite Element Analysis of Acoustic Scattering","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2006.05.004","article-title":"Viscoelastic Studies of Human Subscapularis Tendon: Relaxation Test and a Wiechert Model","volume":"83","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1504\/IJECB.2009.022856","article-title":"A Comparison of Young's Modulus for Normal and Diseased Human Eardrums at High Strain Rates","volume":"1","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Comput. Biomech."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100512543875100_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-011-0355-6","article-title":"Static Versus Dynamic Gerbil Tympanic Membrane Elasticity: Derivation of the Complex Modulus","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2019100512543875100_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.08.022","article-title":"Three Approaches for Estimating the Elastic Modulus of the Tympanic Membrane","volume":"38","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B18","first-page":"107","article-title":"Ultrastructure of Fibrils in Developing Human and Guinea-Pig Tympanic Membrane","volume":"125","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512543875100_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1504\/IJECB.2015.067680","article-title":"Complex Modulus of Round Window Membrane Over Auditory Frequencies in Normal and Otitis Media Chinchilla Ears","volume":"3","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Comput. Biomech."}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4030410\/6092614\/bio_137_08_081006.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4030410\/6092614\/bio_137_08_081006.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T05:33:16Z","timestamp":1598938396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/biomechanical\/article\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4030410\/422035\/Dynamic-Properties-of-Tympanic-Membrane-in-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4030410","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-0731","1528-8951"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-0731","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-8951","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"article-number":"081006"}}