{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:40:34Z","timestamp":1753879234819,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a sensitivity analysis in the calibration of two sensors: a laser sensor Velodyne HDL-64E and a panoramic camera Point Grey Ladybug2; both sensors are used for three-dimensional urban reconstruction and were calibrated by two techniques; their results are compared in the sensitivity analysis. The effect of each parameter on the errors propagated in our platform reconstruction was analyzed using the simulated and experimental data sets. To compare the calibration parameters, we implement simulation techniques like Monte Carlo (MC) and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS). The sensitivity index for each parameter was calculated by two methods. The Sobol method, which is based on the analysis of the variance breakdown and the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (FAST) method, based on Fourier analysis. Measures of variability on the simulated and experimental calibration parameters are shown for the calibration techniques implemented. Results on parameters and factors causing higher uncertainty in the calibration process are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4032026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,16]],"date-time":"2015-11-16T12:31:10Z","timestamp":1447677070000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Complete Sensitivity Analysis in a LiDAR-Camera Calibration Model"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Angel-Iv\u00e1n","family":"Garc\u00eda-Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image Analysis, Research Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology (CICATA), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Cerro Blanco 141 Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Qu\u00e9retaro 76090, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose-Joel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image Analysis, Research Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology (CICATA), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Cerro Blanco 141 Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Qu\u00e9retaro 76090, M\u00e9xico e-mail:"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Pedraza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image Analysis, Research Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology (CICATA), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Cerro Blanco 141 Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Qu\u00e9retaro 76090, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan B.","family":"Hurtado-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image Analysis, Research Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology (CICATA), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Cerro Blanco 141 Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Qu\u00e9retaro 76090, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco-Javier","family":"Ornelas-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image Analysis, Research Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology (CICATA), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Cerro Blanco 141 Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Qu\u00e9retaro 76090, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Sensitivity Analysis","year":"2000","key":"2019100512153125100_bib1"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512153125100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2004.09.006","article-title":"A Comparison of Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis Results Obtained With Random and Latin Hypercube Sampling","volume":"89","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"volume-title":"Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis: Applications to Large-Scale systems","year":"2005","key":"2019100512153125100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203483572"},{"volume-title":"Sensitivity Analysis in Practice\u2014A Guide to Assessing Scientific Models","year":"2004","key":"2019100512153125100_bib4"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512153125100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/00224065.1999.11979891","article-title":"Response Surface Methodology\u2014Current Status and Future Directions","volume":"31","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Qual. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100512153125100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810802094995","article-title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Spatial Models","volume":"23","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512153125100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2011.2160468","article-title":"Vision and IMU Data Fusion: Closed-Form Solutions for Attitude, Speed, Absolute Scale, and Bias Determination","volume":"28","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Rob."},{"issue":"9","key":"2019100512153125100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3512","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2022894","article-title":"Multisource Self-Calibration for Sensor Arrays","volume":"57","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Sig. Process."},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512153125100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008935410038","article-title":"On Sequential Monte Carlo Sampling Methods for Bayesian Filtering","volume":"10","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stat. Comput."},{"article-title":"Improving the Efficiency of the Sequential Simulation Algorithm Using Latin Hypercube Sampling","volume-title":"Geostatistics Banff 2004","year":"2005","key":"2019100512153125100_bib10"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512153125100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0951-8320(02)00109-6","article-title":"The New Morris Method: An Efficient Second-Order Screening Method","volume":"78","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"volume-title":"Working With Dynamic Crop Models: Evaluation, Analysis, Parameterization, and Applications","year":"2006","key":"2019100512153125100_bib12"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100512153125100_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2009.09.018","article-title":"Variance Based Sensitivity Analysis of Model Output. Design and Estimator for the Total Sensitivity Index","volume":"181","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2019100512153125100_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.5772\/50900","article-title":"Lidar Velodyne HDL-64e Calibration Using Pattern Planes","volume":"8","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Rob. Syst."},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100512153125100_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1109\/JRA.1987.1087109","article-title":"A Versatile Camera Calibration Technique for High-Accuracy 3D Machine Vision Metrology Using Off-The-Shelf Tv Cameras and Lenses","volume":"3","year":"1987","journal-title":"IEEE J. Rob. Autom."},{"issue":"11","key":"2019100512153125100_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1109\/34.888718","article-title":"A Flexible New Technique for Camera Calibration","volume":"22","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"2019100512153125100_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38989-4_11","article-title":"Lidar and Panoramic Camera Extrinsic Calibration Approach Using a Pattern Plane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"volume-title":"Evaluation of Measurement Data\u2014Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement","year":"2008","author":"Guides in Metrology","key":"2019100512153125100_bib18"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100512153125100_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/00949659708811825","article-title":"Sensitivity Measures, Anova-Like Techniques and the Use of Bootstrap","volume":"58","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Stat. Comput. Simul."},{"key":"2019100512153125100_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2012.03.008","article-title":"Sensitivity Analysis for Volcanic Source Modeling Quality Assessment and Model Selection","volume":"44","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Geosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512153125100_bib21","first-page":"621","article-title":"Quasi-Versus Pseudo-Random Generators: Discrepancy, Complexity and Integration-Error Based Comparison","volume":"2","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Innovative Comput., Inf. Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100512153125100_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-5553(67)90144-9","article-title":"On the Distribution of Points in a Cube and the Approximate Evaluation of Integrals","volume":"7","year":"1967","journal-title":"{USSR} Comput. Math. Math. Phys."},{"issue":"12","key":"2019100512153125100_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1145\/355588.365104","article-title":"Algorithm 247: Radical-Inverse Quasi-Random Point Sequence","volume":"7","year":"1964","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512153125100_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0951-8320(03)00058-9","article-title":"Latin Hypercube Sampling and the Propagation of Uncertainty in Analyses of Complex Systems","volume":"81","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100512153125100_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1981.10479327","article-title":"Rank Transformations as a Bridge Between Parametric and Nonparametric Statistics","volume":"35","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100512153125100_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2014.02.004","article-title":"Error Propagation and Uncertainty Analysis Between 3D Laser Scanner and Camera","volume":"62","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rob. Auton. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100512153125100_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-006-0014-6","article-title":"An Empirical Evaluation of Factors Influencing Camera Calibration Accuracy Using Three Publicly Available Techniques","volume":"17","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mach. Vision Appl."}],"container-title":["Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4032026\/6100880\/jcise_016_01_014501.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4032026\/6100880\/jcise_016_01_014501.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T12:15:43Z","timestamp":1570277743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4032026\/443773\/Complete-Sensitivity-Analysis-in-a-LiDARCamera"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4032026","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-9827"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1944-7078"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"article-number":"014501"}}