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A novel numerical optimization technique was used to simultaneously predict muscle forces, secondary knee kinematics, ligament forces, and joint contact pressures from standard gait analysis data collected on the subject. The nominal knee model predictions of medial, lateral, and total contact forces during gait agreed well with TKR measures, with root-mean-square (rms) errors of 0.23, 0.22, and 0.33 body weight (BW), respectively. Coronal plane component alignment did not affect total knee contact loads, but did alter the medial\u2013lateral load distribution, with 4\u2009deg varus and 4\u2009deg valgus rotations in component alignment inducing +17% and \u221223% changes in the first peak medial tibiofemoral contact forces, respectively. A Monte Carlo analysis showed that uncertainties in ligament stiffness and reference strains induce \u00b10.2 BW uncertainty in tibiofemoral force estimates over the gait cycle. Ligament properties had substantial influence on the TKR load distributions, with the medial collateral ligament and iliotibial band (ITB) properties having the largest effects on medial and lateral compartment loading, respectively. The computational framework provides a viable approach for virtually designing TKR components, considering parametric uncertainty and predicting the effects of joint alignment and soft tissue balancing procedures on TKR function during movement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4032464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]],"date-time":"2016-01-15T12:16:53Z","timestamp":1452860213000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["The Influence of Component Alignment and Ligament Properties on Tibiofemoral Contact Forces in Total Knee Replacement"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Colin R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Vignos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Lenhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706;"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarred","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darryl G.","family":"Thelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fellow ASME Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706;"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 e-mail:"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 6","key":"2019100602062701400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2009.04.034","article-title":"Coronal Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Just How Important is It?","volume":"24","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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