{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:41:09Z","timestamp":1753879269146,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of physiotherapy is becoming more significant with the increasing number of countries with aging populations. Thus, the education of physiotherapists is a crucial concern in many countries. Information and communications technologies, such as motion capture systems, have been introduced to sophisticate the training methods used in physiotherapy. However, the methods employed in most training schools for physiotherapists and occupational therapists remain dependent on more conventional materials. These materials include conventional textbooks with samples of traditional gait motion photographs and video archives of patients' walking motion. Actual on-site clinical training is also utilized in current physiotherapy education programs. The present paper addresses an application of a previously developed digital human model called the kinematic digital human (KDH) to physiotherapy education with a focus on improving students' understanding of the gait motion of disabled patients. KDH models for use in physiotherapy were constructed based on Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center (RLANRC) terminology, which is considered the preferred standard among clinicians. The developed KDH models were employed to allow the three-dimensional visualization of the gait motion of a hemiplegic patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4036991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,9]],"date-time":"2017-06-09T13:30:55Z","timestamp":1497015055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Application of Digital Human Models to Physiotherapy Training"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Takao","family":"Kakizaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nihon University, Nakagawara 1, Tokusada, Tamura, Koriyama 963-8642, Fukushima, Japan e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nihon University, Nakagawara 1, Tokusada, Tamura, Koriyama 963-8642, Fukushima, Japan e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Jiro","family":"Urii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Research, 44-4-105 Shimo, Fussa 197-0023, Tokyo, Japan e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nihon University, Nakagawara 1, Tokusada, Tamura, Koriyama 963-8642, Fukushima, Japan e-mail:"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"Ageing Society White Paper","year":"2015","author":"Cabinet Office of Japanese Government","key":"2019100316094323500_bib1"},{"author":"Japanese Physical Therapy Association","key":"2019100316094323500_bib2","article-title":"Membership Statistics"},{"year":"2013","key":"2019100316094323500_bib3","article-title":"The History of the Physiotherapy in Japan, Vol. 2"},{"key":"2019100316094323500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30301-5_54","article-title":"Rehabilitation and Health Care Robotics","volume-title":"Springer Handbook of Robotics","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100316094323500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-009-0030-6","article-title":"Acceptance of Healthcare Robots for the Older Population: Review and Future Directions","volume":"1","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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