{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T15:09:01Z","timestamp":1759072141058,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["636868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["636868"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The real-life use of a product is often hard to foresee during its development. Fortunately, today's connective products offer the opportunity to collect information about user actions, which enables companies to investigate the actual use for the benefit of next-generation products. A promising application opportunity is to input the information to engineering simulations and increase their realism to (i) reveal how use-related phenomena influence product performance and (ii) to evaluate design variations on how they succeed in coping with real users and their behaviors. In this article, we explore time-stamped usage data from connected fridge-freezers by investigating energy losses caused by door openings and by evaluating control-related design variations aimed at mitigating these effects. By using a fast-executing simulation setup, we could simulate much faster than real time and investigate usage over a longer time. We showed that a simple, single-cycle load pattern based on aggregated input data can be simulated even faster but only produce rough estimates of the outcomes. Our model was devised to explore application potential rather than producing the most accurate predictions. Subject to this reservation, our outcomes indicate that door openings do not affect energy consumption as much as some literature suggests. Through what-if studies we could evaluate three design variations and nevertheless point out that particular solution elements resulted in more energy-efficient ways of dealing with door openings. Based on our findings, we discuss possible impacts on product design practice for companies seeking to collect and exploit usage data from connected products in combination with simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4042537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T14:48:35Z","timestamp":1547736515000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Simulations Based on Product-Usage Information From Connected Products to Support Redesign for Improved Performance: Exploration of Practical Application to Domestic Fridge-Freezers"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Wilhelm Frederik","family":"van der Vegte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600AA, The Netherlands; Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Landbergstraat 15, Delft 2628 CE, The Netherlands e-mail:"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Kurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ar\u00e7elik A.\u015e., Istanbul 34445, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O\u011fuz Kerem","family":"\u015eeng\u00f6z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ar\u00e7elik A.\u015e., Istanbul 34445, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2019100602512194800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20316","article-title":"Developing Elements of User Experience for Mobile Phones and Services: Survey, Interview, and Observation Approaches","volume":"23","year":"2013","journal-title":"Human Factors Ergonom. Manuf. Serv. Ind."},{"issue":"7","key":"2019100602512194800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570710816685","article-title":"Product Lifecycle Information Acquisition and Management for Consumer Products","volume":"107","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ind. Manage. Data Syst."},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1109\/ECTC.2013.6575567","article-title":"Define Electrical Packing Temperature Cycling Requirement With Field Measured User Behavior Data","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE"},{"issue":"10","key":"2019100602512194800_bib4","first-page":"96","article-title":"How Smart, Connected Products are Transforming Companies","volume":"93","year":"2015","journal-title":"Harvard Bus. Rev."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hribernik, K., Franke, M., Klein, P., Thoben, K.-D., and Coscia, E., 2017, \u201cTowards a Platform for Integrating Product Usage Information Into Innovative Product-Service Design,\u201d International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE\/ITMC), Funchal, Madeira\/Portugal, June 27\u201329, pp. 1407\u20131413.10.1109\/ICE.2017.8280047","key":"2019100602512194800_bib5","DOI":"10.1109\/ICE.2017.8280047"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29181-4","article-title":"Service Analytics: Leveraging Data Across Enterprise Boundaries for Competitive Advantage","volume-title":"Globalization of Professional Services: Innovative Strategies, Successful Processes, Inspired Talent Management, and First-Hand Experiences","author":"B\u00e4umer","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.05.044","article-title":"Data, Information and Analytics as Services","volume":"55","year":"2013","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"unstructured":"Van der Vegte, W. F., Kurt, F., and Kerem \u015eeng\u00f6z, O., \u201cSimulation of Product Performance Based on Real Product-Usage Information: First Results of Practical Application to Domestic Refrigerators,\u201d ASME Paper No. 85899.10.1115\/DETC2018-85899","key":"2019100602512194800_bib8"},{"unstructured":"Shannon, R. E., 1998, \u201cIntroduction to the Art and Science of Simulation,\u201d Winter Simulation Conference, Washington, DC, Dec. 13\u201316, pp. 7\u201314.10.1109\/WSC.1998.744892","key":"2019100602512194800_bib9"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100602512194800_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simpat.2008.11.003","article-title":"The Virtual Laboratory Environment\u2013An Operational Framework for Multi-Modelling, Simulation and Analysis of Complex Dynamical Systems","volume":"17","year":"2009","journal-title":"Simul. Modell. Pract. Theory"},{"year":"2011","key":"2019100602512194800_bib11"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Y., and Verbraeck, A., 2009, \u201cA Dynamic Data-Driven Approach for Rail Transport System Simulation,\u201d Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), Austin, TX, Dec. 13\u201316, pp. 2553\u20132562.10.1109\/WSC.2009.5429667","key":"2019100602512194800_bib12","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2009.5429667"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib13","first-page":"59","article-title":"Digital Twin\u2014The Simulation Aspect","volume-title":"Mechatronic Futures: Challenges and Solutions for Mechatronic Systems and Their Designers","author":"Hehenberger","year":"2016"},{"issue":"9\u201312","key":"2019100602512194800_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-017-0233-1","article-title":"Digital Twin-Driven Product Design, Manufacturing and Service With Big Data","volume":"94","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/154798","article-title":"Reengineering Aircraft Structural Life Prediction Using a Digital Twin","volume":"2011","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Aerosp. Eng."},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100602512194800_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2004.7.653","article-title":"The Need for Command and Control Instant Message Adaptive Interfaces: Lessons Learned From Tactical Tomahawk Human-in-the-Loop Simulations","volume":"7","year":"2004","journal-title":"CyberPsychol. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100602512194800_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2012.634756","article-title":"Toward Automated Air Traffic Control\u2014Investigating a Fundamental Paradigm Shift in Human\/Systems Interaction","volume":"28","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Human-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib18","first-page":"999","article-title":"Bulk Simulation of Using Information-Intensive Products and Product-Service Systems: Formal Underpinnings","volume-title":"Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100602512194800_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2009.03.002","article-title":"Data-Driven User Simulation for Automated Evaluation of Spoken Dialog Systems","volume":"23","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comput. Speech Lang."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holler, M., Uebernickel, F., and Brenner, W., 2016, \u201cUnderstanding the Business Value of Intelligent Products for Product Development in Manufacturing Industries,\u201d International Conference on Information Management and Engineering (ICIME), Istanbul, Turkey, Nov. 2\u20135, pp. 18\u201324.10.1145\/3012258.3012266","key":"2019100602512194800_bib20","DOI":"10.1145\/3012258.3012266"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elias, E., Dekoninck, E., and Culley, S., 2008, \u201cAssessing User Behaviour for Changes in the Design of Energy Using Domestic Products,\u201d IEEEInternational Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, San Francisco, CA, May 19\u201322, pp. 1\u20136.10.1109\/ISEE.2008.4562920","key":"2019100602512194800_bib21","DOI":"10.1109\/ISEE.2008.4562920"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100602512194800_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1991.43","article-title":"Recent Developments in Simulation Modelling","volume":"42","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Oper. Res. Soc."},{"unstructured":"Qiao, G. S., Riddick, P., and McLean, D., 2003, \u201cData Driven Design And Simulation System Based On XML,\u201d Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), New Orleans, LA, Dec. 7\u201310, pp. 1143\u20131148.10.1109\/WSC.2003.1261543","key":"2019100602512194800_bib23"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630001","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793962316300016","article-title":"Automation of Input Data to Discrete Event Simulation for Manufacturing: A Review","volume":"7","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Model. Simul. Sci. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3141\/2017-04","article-title":"Using Global Positioning System Travel Data to Assess Real-World Energy Use of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles","volume":"2017","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Rec.: J. Transp. Res. Board"},{"volume-title":"A Data-Driven Framework for Comparing Residential Thermostat Energy Performance","year":"2014","key":"2019100602512194800_bib26"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/JRD.2015.2475935","article-title":"Asset Health Management Using Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics for the Electric Power Grid","volume":"60","year":"2016","journal-title":"IBM J. Res. Develop."},{"year":"2018","article-title":"Systemic Design for the Innovation of Home Appliances","key":"2019100602512194800_bib28"},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100602512194800_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s12053-018-9642-8","article-title":"Opening the Door on Refrigerator Energy Consumption: Quantifying the Key Drivers in the Home","volume":"11","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Effic."},{"volume-title":"Energy Use in the Australian Residential Sector 1986\u20132020","year":"2008","key":"2019100602512194800_bib30"},{"issue":"6","key":"2019100602512194800_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2004.09.007","article-title":"A Method of Formulating Energy Load Profile for Domestic Buildings in the UK","volume":"37","year":"2005","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"volume-title":"World Air Conditioner Demand by Region","year":"2018","author":"JRAIA,","key":"2019100602512194800_bib32"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrefrig.2017.10.022","article-title":"Temperature and Energy Performance of Domestic Cold Appliances in Households in England","volume":"33","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Refrig."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12242","article-title":"The Use and Performance of Household Refrigerators: A Review","volume":"16","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100602512194800_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1470-6431.2009.00837.x","article-title":"Do Consumers Act in a Sustainable Way Using Their Refrigerator? The Influence of Consumer Real Life Behaviour on the Energy Consumption of Cooling Appliances","volume":"34","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Consum. Stud."},{"year":"2010","key":"2019100602512194800_bib36"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100602512194800_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.15623\/ijret.2015.0402095","article-title":"Energy Saving in Star Marked Refrigerators and Effect of Door Opening Frequency on Energy Consumption of Residential Refrigerators","volume":"4","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2015.01.089","article-title":"Transient Simulation of a Two-Door Frost-Free Refrigerator Subjected to Periodic Door Opening and Evaporator Frosting","volume":"147","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2014.01.069","article-title":"Transient Model of a Vertical Freezer With Door Openings and Defrost Effects","volume":"121","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"volume-title":"Research Methodology","year":"2005","key":"2019100602512194800_bib40"},{"volume-title":"Dynamic Modeling and Control of Engineering Systems","year":"2007","key":"2019100602512194800_bib41"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2013.10.012","article-title":"Control: A Perspective","volume":"50","year":"2014","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"year":"2014","article-title":"Refrigeration Cycle in Simscape","key":"2019100602512194800_bib43"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.01.028","article-title":"Products That Go Round: Exploring Product Life Extension Through Design","volume":"69","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cleaner Prod."},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100602512194800_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(98)00392-0","article-title":"A Methodology for Fitting and Validating Metamodels in Simulation","volume":"120","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1768-8","article-title":"System Identification","volume-title":"Signal Analysis and Prediction","author":"Proch\u00e1zka","year":"1998"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100602512194800_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200405000-00021","article-title":"What You See May Not Be What You Get: A Brief, Nontechnical Introduction to Overfitting in Regression-Type Models","volume":"66","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"volume-title":"Essential Technologies for Successful Prognostics, 59th Meeting of the Machinery Failure Prevention Technology Society","year":"2005","article-title":"A Domain Independent Data Mining Methodology for Prognostics","key":"2019100602512194800_bib48"},{"key":"2019100602512194800_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1109\/CSPA.2009.5069255","article-title":"Application of PID Controller in Controlling Refrigerator Temperature","volume-title":"Fifth International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4042537\/6390533\/jcise_019_03_031003.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4042537\/6390533\/jcise_019_03_031003.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T00:25:16Z","timestamp":1694564716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article\/doi\/10.1115\/1.4042537\/726243\/Simulations-Based-on-ProductUsage-Information-From"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4042537","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-9827"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1944-7078"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]]},"article-number":"031003"}}