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The vocabulary class definitions, combined with function modeling grammars defined at various levels of formalism, enable function-based reasoning. However, the text written in plain English for the names of the functions and flows is presently not exploited for formal reasoning. This paper presents a formalism (representation and reasoning) to support semantic and physics-based reasoning on the information hidden in the plain-English flow terms, especially for automatically decomposing black box function models, and to generate multiple design alternatives. First, semantic reasoning infers the changes of flow types, flow attributes, and the direction of those changes between the input and output flows attached to the black box. Then, a representation of qualitative physics is used to determine the material and energy exchanges between the flows and the function features needed to achieve them. Finally, a topological reasoning is used to infer multiple options of composing those function features into topologies and to thus generate multiple alternative decompositions of the functional black box. The data representation formalizes flow phases, flow attributes, qualitative value scales for the attributes, and qualitative physics laws. An eight-step algorithm manipulates these data for reasoning. This paper shows four validation case studies to demonstrate the workings of this formalism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4045288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T06:58:21Z","timestamp":1571986701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Semantic and Qualitative Physics-Based Reasoning on Plain-English Flow Terms for Generating Function Model Alternatives"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MCE Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiradeep","family":"Sen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MCE Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020022110191924300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-319-2","volume-title":"Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach","author":"Pahl","year":"2007"},{"volume-title":"Product Design: Techniques in Reverse Engineering and New Product Development","year":"2001","author":"Otto","key":"2020022110191924300_CIT0002"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020022110191924300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1289637","article-title":"Development of a Functional Basis for Design","volume":"122","author":"Stone","year":"2000","journal-title":"ASME J. 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