{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T08:38:18Z","timestamp":1779093498958,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This paper presents a multicomponent topology optimization method for designing structures assembled from additively manufactured components, considering anisotropic material behavior for each component due to its build orientation, distinct material behavior, and stress constraints at component interfaces (i.e., joints). Based upon the multicomponent topology optimization (MTO) framework, the simultaneous optimization of structural topology, its partitioning, and the build orientations of each component is achieved, which maximizes an assembly-level structural stiffness performance subject to maximum stress constraints at component interfaces. The build orientations of each component are modeled by its orientation tensor that avoids numerical instability experienced by the conventional angular representation. A new joint model is introduced at component interfaces, which enables the identification of the interface location, the specification of a distinct material tensor, and imposing maximum stress constraints during optimization. Both 2D and 3D numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effect of the build orientation anisotropy and the component interface behavior on the resulting multicomponent assemblies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4047487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T18:29:13Z","timestamp":1591986553000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Anisotropic Multicomponent Topology Optimization for Additive Manufacturing With Build Orientation Design and Stress-Constrained Interfaces"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;"},{"name":"Electronics Research Department, Toyota Research Institute of North America, Ann Arbor, MI 48105"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Mobility Research Department, Toyota Research Institute of North America, Ann Arbor, MI 48105;"},{"name":"Applied Mathematics Research Domain, Toyota Central R & D Labs. Inc., Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Saitou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021011101554801500_CIT0001","article-title":"Mark Two Desktop 3D Printer, Markforged"},{"key":"2021011101554801500_CIT0002","article-title":"CBAM-2, Impossible Object"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021011101554801500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1007\/s11665-014-0958-z","article-title":"Metal Additive Manufacturing: a Review","volume":"23","author":"Frazier","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. 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