{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1753880051431,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Naval Research Laboratory Core"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Naval Research Laboratory Core"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Technologies for material defect detection\/metrology are often based on measuring the interactions between defects and waves. These interactions frequently create artifacts that skew the quantitative character of the relevant measurements. Since defects can have a significant impact on the functional behavior of the materials and structures they are embedded in, accurate knowledge of their geometric shape and size is necessary. Responding to this need, the present work introduces preliminary efforts toward a multiscale modeling and simulation framework for capturing the interactions of waves with materials bearing defect ensembles. It is first shown that conventional approaches such as ray tracing result in excessive geometric errors. Instead, a more robust method employing solutions to the wave equation (calculated using the Finite Element Method) is developed. Although the use of solutions to the general wave equation permits application of the method to many wave-based defect detection technologies, this work focuses exclusively on the application to X-ray computed tomography (XCT). A general parameterization of defect geometries based on superquadratic functions is also introduced, and the interactions of defects modeled in this fashion with X-rays are investigated. A synthetic two-dimensional demonstration problem is presented. It is shown that the combination of parameterization and modeling techniques allows the recovery of an accurate, artifact-free defect geometry utilizing classical inverse methods. The path forward to a more complete realization of this technology, including extensions to other wave-based technologies, three-dimensional problem domains, and data derived from physical experiments is outlined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4049760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T08:58:17Z","timestamp":1610614697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multiscale Tomographic Wave\u2013Matter Interaction Modeling to Enable Artifact-Free Material Defect Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"John C.","family":"Steuben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Multiphysics Systems Laboratory, Center of Materials Physics and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Michopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Multiphysics Systems Laboratory, Center of Materials Physics and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375"}]},{"given":"Athanasios P.","family":"Iliopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Multiphysics Systems Laboratory, Center of Materials, Physics and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Graber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Multiphysics Systems Laboratory, Center of Materials Physics and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Multiphysics Systems Laboratory, Center of Materials Physics and Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Atomic Mechanics of Solids","year":"2012","author":"Macpherson","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0001"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2011.12.001","article-title":"Material Defects as the Basis of Fatigue Design","volume":"41","author":"Murakami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30463-2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation","author":"Schmerr","year":"2016"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-49063-2","volume-title":"Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems","author":"Schmerr","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2009.10.001","article-title":"Defect Detection Using Ultrasonic Arrays: The Multi-mode Total Focusing Method","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"NDT Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1063\/1.362662","article-title":"Pulse Phase Infrared Thermography","volume":"79","author":"Maldague","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0007","first-page":"591","article-title":"Applications of Infrared Thermography in Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"1","author":"Maldague","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Opt. Nondestruct. Testing"},{"volume-title":"Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials by Infrared Thermography","year":"2012","author":"Maldague","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0008"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213391","DOI":"10.1117\/12.7972920","article-title":"Shearography: A New Optical Method for Strain Measurement and Nondestructive Testing","volume":"21","author":"Hung","year":"1982","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"issue":"10","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102001","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/21\/10\/102001","article-title":"Shearography Technology and Applications: a Review","volume":"21","author":"Francis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2005.07.012","article-title":"Ultrasonic C-scan and Shearography Ndi Techniques Evaluation of Impact Defects Identification","volume":"39","author":"Ruuvzek","year":"2006","journal-title":"NDT Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/11\/2\/310","article-title":"Damage Detection in Composite Materials Using Lamb Wave Methods","volume":"11","author":"Kessler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1088\/0266-5611\/18\/6\/322","article-title":"Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Tomography","volume":"18","author":"Leonard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inverse Prob."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9399(2005)131:4(438)","article-title":"Lamb Wave Basis for Impact-echo Method Analysis","volume":"131","author":"Gibson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Eng. Mech."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1982.tb00376.x","article-title":"X-ray Microtomography","volume":"126","author":"Elliott","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Microsc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02509542","article-title":"A Microtomographic System for the Nondestructive Evaluation of Bone Architecture","volume":"58","author":"Ruegsegger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1179\/174328406X114135","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Visualisation of Fatigue Cracks in Metals Using High Resolution Synchrotron X-ray Micro-tomography","volume":"22","author":"Buffiere","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-7944(84)90096-1","article-title":"The Assessment of Defects in Structures of Strain Hardening Material","volume":"19","author":"Ainsworth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Eng. Fract. Mech."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1243\/09544097JRRT209","article-title":"A Review on Non-destructive Evaluation of Rails: State-of-the-art and Future Development","volume":"222","author":"Ph Papaelias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part F: J. Rail Rapid Trans."},{"issue":"7","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2003.11.001","article-title":"High Resolution X-ray Tomography of Short Fatigue Crack Nucleation in Austempered Ductile Cast Iron","volume":"26","author":"Marrow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2012.01.006","article-title":"Characterization of Microshrinkage Casting Defects of Al\u2013si Alloys by X-ray Computed Tomography and Metallography","volume":"41","author":"Nicoletto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue."},{"issue":"8","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2010.02.006","article-title":"Advanced Technique for Non-destructive Testing of Friction Stir Welding of Metals","volume":"43","author":"Rosado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0308-9126(88)90333-1","article-title":"A Review of Defect Types and Nondestructive Testing Techniques for Composites and Bonded Joints","volume":"21","author":"Adams","year":"1988","journal-title":"NDT Int."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0024","first-page":"50","article-title":"A Review of Non-destructive Testing Methods of Composite Materials","volume":"1","author":"Gholizadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Struct. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMPT.2004.004997","article-title":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques for RP Rehabilitated Concrete. II: An Assessment","volume":"21","author":"Kaiser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Mater. Product Tech."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1007\/s10762-012-9949-z","article-title":"In Introductory Review to the Non-Destructive Testing of Composite Mater","volume":"34","author":"Amenabar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infrared., Millimeter., Terahertz. Waves."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1117\/12.946141","volume-title":"Thermosense VII: Thermal Infrared Sensing for Diagnostics and Control","author":"Milne","year":"1985"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-8166(95)00020-8","article-title":"Shearography for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Composite Structures","volume":"24","author":"Hung","year":"1996","journal-title":"Optics Lasers Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605958","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201605958","article-title":"A Defect-Free Principle for Advanced Graphene Cathode of Aluminum-ion Battery","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"13","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4207","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta00111c","article-title":"Defect Chemistry and Lithium-Ion Migration in Polymorphs of the Cathode Material Li2 MnSiO4","volume":"1","author":"Fisher","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A."},{"article-title":"Defect Detection and Defect Removal Apparatus of Thin Film Electronic Device","year":"1994","author":"Kawamura","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0031"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAPT.2002.1010010","article-title":"Three-Dimensional X-ray Laminography as a Tool for Detection and Characterization of Bga Package Defects","volume":"25","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Components Pack. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14088","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Non-Destructive Soft-Tissue Visualization with X-ray Staining Micro-tomography","volume":"5","author":"e Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-006-3507-2","article-title":"Applications of X-ray Synchrotron Microtomography for Non-Destructive 3d Studies of Paleontological Specimens","volume":"83","author":"Tafforeau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.21367","article-title":"Defect Detection in Apples by Means of X-ray Imaging","volume":"40","author":"Schatzki","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trans. ASAE"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0036","first-page":"1","article-title":"Thermographic Detection of Defects in Wood and Wood-Based Materials","author":"Meinlschmidt","year":"2005"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2020-22474","article-title":"Multiscale Tomographic Wave-Matter Interaction Modeling to Enable Artifact-Free Material Defect Reconstruction","author":"Steuben","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.1986.4307775","article-title":"On the Determination of Functions From Their Integral Values Along Certain Manifolds","volume":"5","author":"Radon","year":"1986","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1179\/1743280413Y.0000000023","article-title":"Quantitative X-ray Tomography","volume":"59","author":"Maire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Mater. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1441747","article-title":"The Radon Transform and Its Properties","volume":"49","author":"Durrani","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1109\/23.554824","article-title":"Reconstruction Method for Fluorescent X-ray Computed Tomography by Least-squares Method Using Singular Value Decomposition","volume":"44","author":"Yuasa","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE. Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2005.862206","article-title":"Wavelet-Based Reconstruction for Limited-Angle X-ray Tomography","volume":"25","author":"Rantala","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2006.882141","article-title":"Penalized Weighted Least-Squares Approach to Sinogram Noise Reduction and Image Reconstruction for Low-Dose X-Ray Computed Tomography","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2018.2832656","article-title":"CNN-Based Projected Gradient Descent for Consistent Ct Image Reconstruction","volume":"37","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"volume-title":"Computed Tomography: Principles, Design, Artifacts, and Recent Advances","year":"2003","author":"Hsieh","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0045"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-723-7","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Computerized Tomography: Image Reconstruction From Projections","author":"Herman","year":"2009"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.31.001146","article-title":"One-Dimensional Tomography: A Comparison of Abel, Onion-Peeling, and Filtered Backprojection Methods","volume":"31","author":"Dasch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-8858(03)00099-X","article-title":"An Improved Exact Filtered Backprojection Algorithm for Spiral Computed Tomography","volume":"32","author":"Katsevich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Math."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0049","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Method for Simultaneous Image Reconstruction and Beam Hardening Correction","author":"Jin","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11101782","article-title":"Evaluation of Two Iterative Techniques for Reducing Metal Artifacts in Computed Tomography","volume":"259","author":"Boas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693795","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/693795","article-title":"Filtering in Spect Image Reconstruction","volume":"2011","author":"Lyra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Biomed. Imaging"},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2:1","DOI":"10.1145\/3242094","article-title":"Performance and Scalability of the Block Low-Rank Multifrontal Factorization on Multicore Architectures","volume":"45","author":"Amestoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Math. Software"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021008","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4028942","article-title":"Numerical Analysis of the Feldkamp\u2013Davis\u2013Kress Effect on Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography for Dimensional Metrology","volume":"15","author":"Xue","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"011007","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3569830","article-title":"Creeping Contours: A Multilabel Image Segmentation Method for Extracting Boundary Surfaces of Parts in Volumetric Images","volume":"11","author":"Shammaa","year":"2011","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng."},{"volume-title":"A Practical Guide to Splines","year":"2001","author":"de Boor","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0055"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s40571-016-0131-6","article-title":"Efficient Implementation of Superquadric Particles in Discrete Element Method Within An Open-source Framework","volume":"4","author":"Podlozhnyuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Particle Mech."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"011001","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4007987","article-title":"Complete High Dimensional Inverse Characterization of Fractal Surfaces and Volumes","volume":"13","author":"Michopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"ASME J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1145\/78964.78965","article-title":"Efficient Ray Tracing of Volume Data","volume":"9","author":"Levoy","year":"1990","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graphics (TOG)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"040801","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.4.040801","article-title":"The Toast++ Software Suite for Forward and Inverse Modeling in Optical Tomography","volume":"19","author":"Schweiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2015.05.029","article-title":"Inverse Characterization of Composite Materials Via Surrogate Modeling","volume":"132","author":"Steuben","year":"2015","journal-title":"Composite Struct."},{"year":"2018","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0061"},{"issue":"23\u201326","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruc.2004.03.072","article-title":"Globalized Nelder\u2013Mead Method for Engineering Optimization","volume":"82","author":"Luersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comput. Struct."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022051000083086300_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1137\/S1052623496303470","article-title":"Convergence Properties of the Nelder-Mmead Simplex Method in Low Dimensions","volume":"9","author":"Lagarias","year":"1998","journal-title":"SIAM J. Optim."}],"container-title":["Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/21\/5\/050901\/6694551\/jcise_21_5_050901.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article-pdf\/21\/5\/050901\/6694551\/jcise_21_5_050901.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:09:16Z","timestamp":1652141356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/computingengineering\/article\/21\/5\/050901\/1095558\/Multiscale-Tomographic-Wave-Matter-Interaction"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4049760","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-9827"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1944-7078"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"article-number":"050901"}}