{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:55:23Z","timestamp":1753880123627,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No. 51621004, 51875187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 51621004, 51875187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Lower limb injuries caused by under-foot impacts often appear in sport landing, automobile collision, and antivehicular landmine blasts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a foot-ankle-leg model of the human active lower limb (HALL) model, and used it to investigate lower leg injury responses in different under-foot loading environments to provide a theoretical basis for the design of physical dummies adapted to multiple loading conditions. The model was first validated in allowable rotation loading conditions, like dorsiflexion, inversion\/eversion, and external rotation. Then, its sensitivity to loading rates and initial postures was further verified through experimental data concerning both biomechanical stiffness and injury locations. Finally, the model was used to investigate the biomechanical responses of the foot-ankle-leg region in different under-foot loading conditions covering the loading rate from sport landing to blast impact. The results showed that from \u221215\u2009deg plantarflexion to 30\u2009deg dorsiflexion, the neutral posture always showed the largest tolerance, and more than 1.5 times tolerance gap was achieved between neutral posture and dorsiflexion 30\u2009deg. Under-foot impacts from 2\u2009m\/s to 14\u2009m\/s, the peak tibia force increased at least 1.9 times in all postures. Thus, we consider that it is necessary to include initial posture and loading rate factors in the definition of the foot-ankle-leg injury tolerance for under-foot impact loading.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4052111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T09:45:29Z","timestamp":1628761529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Analysis of Foot-Ankle-Leg Injuries in Various Under-Foot Impact Loading Environments With a Human Active Lower Limb Model"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuhao","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2022021816551394500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.02.024","article-title":"Impact Differences in Ground Reaction Force and Center of Mass Between the First and Second Landing Phases of a Drop Vertical Jump and Their Implications for Injury Risk Assessment","volume":"46","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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