{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:31:37Z","timestamp":1787963497882,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The mechanics of distal femur fracture fixation has been widely studied in bench tests that employ a variety of approaches for holding and constraining femurs to apply loads. No standard test methods have been adopted for these tests and the impact of test setup on inferred construct mechanics has not been reported. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to use finite element models to compare the mechanical performance of a supracondylar osteotomy with lateral plating under conditions that replicate several common bench test methods. A literature review was used to define a parameterized virtual model of a plated distal femur osteotomy in axial compression loading with four boundary condition sets ranging from minimally to highly constrained. Axial stiffness, fracture gap closure, and transverse motion at the fracture line were recorded for a range of applied loads and bridge spans. The results showed that construct mechanical performance was highly sensitive to boundary conditions imposed by the mechanical test fixtures. Increasing the degrees of constraint, for example, by potting and rigidly clamping one or more ends of the specimen, caused up to a 25\u00d7 increase in axial stiffness of the construct. Transverse motion and gap closure at the fracture line, which is an important driver of interfragmentary strain, was also largely influenced by the constraint test setup. These results suggest that caution should be used when comparing reported results between bench tests that use different fixtures and that standardization of testing methods is needed in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4053875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T14:18:38Z","timestamp":1645021118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Boundary Conditions Matter\u2014Impact of Test Setup on Inferred Construct Mechanics in Plated Distal Femur Osteotomies"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Jordan V.","family":"Inacio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Packard Laboratory, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schwarzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Packard Laboratory, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jersey City Medical Center \u2013 RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 130, Jersey City, NJ 07302"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Kantzos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Luke's University Health Network, 801 Ostrum 12 Street, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajith","family":"Malige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Luke's University Health Network, 801 Ostrum 12 Street, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinenye O.","family":"Nwachuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Luke's University Health Network, 801 Ostrum 12 Street, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah L.","family":"Dailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Packard Laboratory, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022031112041021600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711011277","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Adult Distal Femoral Shaft Fractures in a Central London Major Trauma Centre Over Five Years","volume":"11","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Orthop. 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