{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T22:00:04Z","timestamp":1755036004542,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Recent advances in the digitization of manufacturing have prompted ASME and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards committees to reexamine the definition of datums. Any new definition of datums considered by the standards committees should cover all datum feature types used in design and support both traditional metrological methods and new digital measurement techniques. This is a challenging task that requires some careful compromise. This paper describes and analyzes various alternatives considered by the standards committees. Among them is a new mathematical definition of datums based on constrained least-squares fitting. It seems to provide the best compromise and has the potential to support advanced manufacturing that is increasingly dependent on digital technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4054304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T07:10:30Z","timestamp":1649661030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Toward a New Mathematical Definition of Datums in Standards to Support Advanced Manufacturing"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Craig M.","family":"Shakarji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, MD 20899"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology Engineering Laboratory, , Gaithersburg, MD 20899"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Dimensioning and Tolerancing","year":"2018","author":"ASME","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0001"},{"volume-title":"Mathematical Definition of Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles","year":"2019","author":"ASME","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0002"},{"volume-title":"ISO 1101-2017, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)\u2014Geometrical Tolerancing\u2014Tolerances of Form, Orientation, Location and Run-Out","year":"2017","author":"ISO","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0003"},{"volume-title":"ISO 5459-2011, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)\u2014Geometrical Tolerancing\u2014Datums and Datum Systems","year":"2011","author":"ISO","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0004"},{"volume-title":"ASME Y14.41-2012, Digital Product Definition Data Practices","year":"2012","author":"ASME","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0005"},{"key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0006","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing","author":"Krulikowski","year":"2012","edition":"3rd ed."},{"volume-title":"CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering","year":"2014","author":"Srinivasan","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0007"},{"key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0008","volume-title":"Tool and Manufacturing Engineers Handbook, Vol. IV Quality Control and Assembly","author":"Wick","year":"1987","edition":"4th ed."},{"key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0009","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Coordinate Measuring Machines and Systems","author":"Shakarji","year":"2011"},{"article-title":"The Internet of Things in Here, and It Isn\u2019t a Thing","volume-title":"The Wall Street Journal","year":"2016","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0010"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022061711374031200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021001","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4032697","article-title":"Testing the Digital Thread in Support of Model-Based Manufacturing and Inspection","volume":"16","author":"Hedberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"ASME J. 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