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The synthetic tibia was fixed at the knee but allowed to rotate in the coronal and sagittal planes at the ankle. The first three loading regimes lasted for 4000 cycles\/each, and the final until ultimate failure. After 12k\u00b180 cycles, the observed failure patterns closely resembled distal tibial fractures. The collected data during cyclic loading were fitted into a phenomenological model to deduce the time-dependent response of the synthetic tibiae. Images were also collected and analyzed using digital image correlation to deduce the full-field state of strain. The latter revealed that longitudinal strain contours extended in the proximal\u2013distal direction. The transverse strain contours exemplified a medial-to-lateral distribution, attributed to the combined contributions of the Poisson's effect and the flexural deformation from axial and bending components of the applied load, respectively. The experimental construct, full-field characterization, and data analysis approaches can be extended to elucidate the effect of different fixation devices on the overall mechanical behavior of the bone and validate computational models in future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4064974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T08:00:23Z","timestamp":1709280023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Feasibility Study of Experimental Protocol for the Time-Dependent Mechanical Response of Synthetic Tibia"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Ramiro","family":"Mantec\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182 ; , Avenida de la Universidad 30, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid 28911, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid , 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182 ; , Avenida de la Universidad 30, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid 28911, Spain"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03ths8210","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0264fdx42","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"San Diego State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin M","family":"Wheatley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego , 34800 Bob Wilson Dr., San Diego, CA 92134"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02n14ez29","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Naval Medical Center San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"D\u00edaz-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid , Avenida de la Universidad 30, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid 28911, Spain"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03ths8210","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Carlos III University of Madrid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5227-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henar","family":"Migu\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid , Avenida de la Universidad 30, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid 28911, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2024062704242456500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.12.027","article-title":"Incidence and Epidemiology of Tibial Shaft Fractures","volume":"46","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024062704242456500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/TME.0000000000000194","article-title":"Tibial Plateau Fractures","volume":"40","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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