{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:55:05Z","timestamp":1753880105842,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/publications-submissions\/publishing-information\/legal-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Several diseases like Sickle Cell Anemia, Thalassemia, Hereditary Spherocytosis, Malaria, and Micro-angiopathic Hemolytic Anemia can alter the normal shape of red blood cells (RBCs). The objective of this study is to gain insight into how a change in RBC deformability can affect blood heat transfer. The heat sink effect in a bifurcated vessel with two asymptotic cases (case 1: deformable and case 2: nondeformable RBCs) is being studied during hyperthermia treatment in a three-dimensional bifurcated vessel, whose wall is being subjected to constant heat flux boundary condition. Euler\u2013Euler multiphase method along with the granular model and Kinetic theory is used to include the particle nature of RBCs during blood flow in the current model. To enhance the efficiency of the numerical model, user-defined functions (UDFs) are imported into the model from the C++ interface. The numerical model used is verified with the experimental results from (Carr and Tiruvaloor, 1989, \u201cEnhancement of Heat Transfer in Red Cell Suspensions In Vitro Experiments,\u201d ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 111(2), pp. 152\u2013156; Yeleswarapu et al. 1998, \u201cThe Flow of Blood in Tubes: Theory and Experiment,\u201d Mech. Res. Commun., 25(3), pp. 257\u2013262). The results indicate that the deformability of RBCs can change both the flow dynamics and heat sink effect in a bifurcated vessel, which subsequently affects the efficacy and efficiency of the thermal ablation procedure. Both spatial and transient Nusselt numbers of blood flow with deformable RBCs are slightly higher compared to the one with nondeformable RBCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4065058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T15:27:17Z","timestamp":1710343637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Consequence of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Heat Sink Effect of Blood in a Three-Dimensional Bifurcated Vessel"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Sidharth Sankar","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Sciences, IIT Bhubaneswar , Khordha 752050, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swarup Kumar","family":"Mahapatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Sciences, IIT Bhubaneswar , Khordha 752050, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2024040813590501100_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of Red Blood Cell Partitioning at Bifurcations in Simulated Microvascular Networks","volume":"30","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. 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