{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:48:01Z","timestamp":1753879681463,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"ASME International","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["asmedigitalcollection.asme.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Current fatigue analyses of metallic structures undergoing variable amplitude loading, including pressure vessels, are mostly based on linear cumulative damage concepts, as proposed by Palmgren and Miner. This type of analysis neglects any sequential effects of the loading history. Several studies have shown that linear cumulative damage theories can produce inconsistent fatigue life predictions. In this paper, both fatigue damage accumulation and cyclic elastoplastic behaviors of the P355NL1 steel are characterized using block loading fatigue tests. The loading is composed of blocks of constant strain-controlled amplitudes, applied according to two and multiple alternate blocks sequences. Also, loading composed by blocks of variable strain-controlled amplitudes are investigated. The block loading illustrates that fatigue damage evolves nonlinearly with the number of load cycles, as a function of the block strain amplitudes. These observations suggest a nonlinear damage accumulation rule with load sequential effects for the P355NL1 steel. However, the damage accumulation nonlinearity and load sequential effects are more evident for the two block loading rather than for multiple alternate block sequences, which suggests that the linear Palmgren\u2013Miner rule tends to produce better results for more irregular loading histories. Some phenomenological interpretations for the observed trends are discussed under a fracture mechanics framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3062965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,28]],"date-time":"2009-01-28T00:10:18Z","timestamp":1233101418000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cyclic and Fatigue Behavior of the P355NL1 Steel Under Block Loading"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9lder F. S. G.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCVE\u2013IDMEC\u2013P\u00f3lo FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ab\u00edlio M. P.","family":"De Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alfredo S.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio A.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100518393823000_c1","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization\u2013CEN, 2002, \u201cEN 13445: Unfired Pressure Vessels,\u201d European Standard."},{"key":"2019100518393823000_c2","first-page":"A159","article-title":"Cumulative Damage in Fatigue","volume":"67","author":"Miner","journal-title":"ASME J. Appl. Mech.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8936","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019100518393823000_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1858927","article-title":"Finite Element Modeling of Fatigue Damage Using a Continuum Damage Mechanics Approach","volume":"127","author":"De Jesus","journal-title":"ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0094-9930","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2019100518393823000_c4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1305.2007.00389.x","article-title":"Analysis of Fatigue Damage Under Block Loading in a Low Carbon Steel","volume":"44","author":"Pereira","journal-title":"Strain","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0039-2103","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2019100518393823000_c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-7944(86)90022-6","article-title":"Re-Examination of Cumulative Fatigue Damage Analysis\u2014An Engineering Perspective","volume":"25","author":"Manson","journal-title":"Eng. Fract. Mech.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0013-7944","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019100518393823000_c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-1123(97)00081-9","article-title":"Cumulative Fatigue Damage and Life Prediction Theories: A Survey of the State of the Art for Homogeneous Materials","volume":"20","author":"Fatemi","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0142-1123","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100518393823000_c7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MASC.0000010738.91907.a9","article-title":"Fatigue of Structures and Materials in the 20th Century and the State of the Art","volume":"39","author":"Schijve","journal-title":"Mater. Sci.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1068-820X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2019100518393823000_c8","unstructured":"Wong, Y. K. , 2003, \u201cA Phenomenological and Mechanistic Study of Fatigue Under Complex Loading Histories,\u201d Ph.D. thesis, The University of Western Australia."},{"key":"2019100518393823000_c9","first-page":"557","article-title":"ASTM E606: Standard Practice for Strain-Controlled Fatigue Testing","volume-title":"Annual Book of ASTM Standards","author":"American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019100518393823000_c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2217961","article-title":"Low Cycle Fatigue and Cyclic Elastoplastic Behaviour of the P355NL1 Steel","volume":"128","author":"De Jesus","journal-title":"ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0094-9930","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019100518393823000_c11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4014922","article-title":"A Concept of Fatigue Damage","volume":"76","author":"Marco","journal-title":"Trans. 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Lewis Flight Propulsion Lab., National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Report No. NACA-TN-2933."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/pressurevesseltech\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.3062965\/5727137\/021210_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/pressurevesseltech\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1115\/1.3062965\/5727137\/021210_1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T19:44:39Z","timestamp":1684871079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmedigitalcollection.asme.org\/pressurevesseltech\/article\/doi\/10.1115\/1.3062965\/474977\/Cyclic-and-Fatigue-Behavior-of-the-P355NL1-Steel"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,21]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.3062965","relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-9930","1528-8978"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0094-9930"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1528-8978"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,21]]},"article-number":"021210"}}