{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T10:59:16Z","timestamp":1765796356733,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SRUMB - Romanian Society for Ultrasonography in Medicine and Biology","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Ultrason"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: Caudal epidural injection is used for lumbosacral radicular pain but there is a risk of vascular injection. An ultrasound-guided catheter-over-needle technique was proposed to reduce this risk. This study compared the incidence of vascular injections between the catheter-over-needle and Tuohy needle methods for caudal epidural injections. Material and Methods: \u00a0This prospective, randomized clinical trial included patients aged \u226519 years with degenerative lumbar disease accompanied by radicular pain who were unresponsive to non-invasive treatments and scheduled for caudal epidural injection. The participants were randomized into two groups: catheter-over-needle and Tuohy needle groups. Under ultrasound guidance, the contrast medium was injected and observed in real time using fluoroscopy. An independent physician assessed the vascular injection rates. Results: The incidence of vascular injection was significantly lower in the catheter-over-needle group (15.7%) than in the Tuohy needle group (37.5%; p=0.014). Chronic pain lasting &gt;12 months was a significant risk factor for vascular injection (p=0.035). However, no statistically significant association was found between sacral opening depth and vascular injection, although the sacral opening depth was shorter in patients who received intravascular injections. Conclusions: The catheter-over-needle technique significantly reduces the risk of vascular injection. The depth of the sacral opening may also influence vascular injection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-4507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]],"date-time":"2025-05-11T14:57:57Z","timestamp":1746975477000},"page":"432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of an ultrasound-guided catheter-over-needle technique on the incidence of intravascular injection during caudal epidural injections: a prospective, randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.11152","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Byeongcheol","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daeseok","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4840","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"container-title":["Medical Ultrasonography"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medultrason.ro\/medultrason\/index.php\/medultrason\/article\/viewFile\/4507\/2628","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medultrason.ro\/medultrason\/index.php\/medultrason\/article\/viewFile\/4507\/2628","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T10:56:18Z","timestamp":1765796178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medultrason.ro\/medultrason\/index.php\/medultrason\/article\/view\/4507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11152\/mu-4507","relation":{},"ISSN":["2066-8643","1844-4172"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2066-8643"},{"type":"print","value":"1844-4172"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]}}}