{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:30:29Z","timestamp":1792089029674,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Vacuum Society","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The lack of cementum in peri-implant tissues leads to a deficiency in anchorage points for gingival collagen fibers. This arrangement is linked to reduced protective capabilities compared to teeth. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop surfaces that optimize the interaction between soft tissue and implants. 3D-printed titanium disks (Ti3DP), machined disks (TiMC), and glass coverslips (GS) were seeded with human gingival fibroblasts. These specimens underwent mechanical characterization via roughness and wettability assays. Biological characterization included assessments of cellular viability (live\/dead), adhesion and spreading (F-actin), cell count (DAPI), cellular metabolism (Alamar blue), adhesive strength, and soluble collagen and total protein quantification up to 14 days. Data analysis employed Student\u2019s t-test and ANOVA post-hoc Tukey test (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05). The group TiMC exhibited higher hydrophilicity and lower roughness compared to Ti3DP. All groups demonstrated cellular viability throughout the study period. Adhesive strength did not significantly differ among groups; however, cell count was higher in TiMC and GS after one day of cell seeding in comparison to Ti3DP. Morphologically, GS and TiMC displayed more fusiform cells with a uniform distribution, while Ti3DP showed smaller, irregular cells with multiple lamellipodia and filopodia. Additionally, statistically superior collagen and total protein deposition was observed in Ti3DP (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The 3D-printed titanium surface allowed human gingival fibroblasts to adhere to it, leading to a 3D cytoskeleton morphology that culminated in increased collagen expression. Therefore, these 3D-printed devices present a promising avenue for producing transmucosal components due to their increase in collagen production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1116\/6.0004500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T10:04:43Z","timestamp":1752228283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhanced collagenogenesis on three-dimensionally printed titanium surfaces by human gingival fibroblasts: An <i>in vitro<\/i> study"],"prefix":"10.1116","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5290-7614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor de Toledo","family":"Stuani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2000-2671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabela Sanches Pompeo da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9623-9769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Gon\u00e7alves do Prado","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2336-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Balestrero","family":"Cassiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8858-0382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa","family":"Alamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0626-1719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ligia Espoliar","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1971-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamil Awad","family":"Shibli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M3 Health Ind\u00fastria e Com\u00e9rcio de Produtos M\u00e9dicos, Odontol\u00f3gicos e Correlatos S.A. 2 , Jundia\u00ed 13212-213,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University 3 , Guarulhos 07023-070,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7455-6867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"de Souza Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo State, UNESP 4 , Araraquara 14801-385,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1485-6104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Gabriela","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP) 1 , Sao Paulo 17012-901,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071106043847200_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12185","volume":"73","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"2025071106043847200_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.10492","volume":"39","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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