{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:47:34Z","timestamp":1791211654426,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional adaptive optics enables correction of high-order aberrations of the eye, but only for a single retinal point. When imaging extended regions of the retina, aberrations increase away from this point and degrade image quality. The zone over which aberrations do not change significantly is called the \u201cisoplanatic patch.\u201d Literature concerning the human isoplanatic patch is incomplete. We determine foveal isoplanatic patch characteristics by performing Hartmann-Shack aberrometry in 1  deg increments in 8 directions on 7 human eyes. Using these measurements, we establish the correction quality required to yield at least 80% of the potential patch size for a given eye. Single-point correction systems (conventional adaptive optics) and multiple-point correction systems (multiconjugate adaptive optics) are simulated. Results are compared to a model eye. Using the Mar\u00e9chal criterion for 555-nm light, average isoplanatic patch diameter for our subjects is 0.80\u00b10.10  deg. The required order of aberration correction depends on desired image quality over the patch. For the more realistically achievable criterion of 0.1  \u00b5m root mean square (rms) wavefront error over a 6.0-mm pupil, correction to at least sixth order is recommended for all adaptive optics systems. The most important aberrations to target for a multiconjugate correction are defocus, astigmatism, and coma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2907211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]],"date-time":"2008-04-22T18:08:57Z","timestamp":1208887737000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Characteristics of the human isoplanatic patch and implications for adaptive optics retinal imaging"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Phillip","family":"Bedggood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Univ. of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Daaboul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Univ. of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross A.","family":"Ashman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Univ. of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George G.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Univ. of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Metha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Univ. of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","reference":[{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.14.002884","volume":"14","author":"Liang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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A","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0740-3232","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.14.008019"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r7","unstructured":"E. M. Maida, K. Venkateswaran, J. Marsack, and A. Roorda , \u201cWhat is the size of the isoplanatic patch in the human eye?\u201d http:\/\/wwwcfao.ucolick.org\/EO\/internshipsnew\/mainland\/posters\/erika.pdf (2004)."},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r8","unstructured":"J. Tarrant and A. Roorda , \u201cThe Extent of the Isoplanatic Patch of the Human Eye,\u201d http:\/\/vision.berkeley.edu\/wildsoet\/Arvo2006\/Isoplanatic%20Patch_Janice_Austin.pdf (2006)."},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000214382.75847.c4"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1117\/12.619429","volume":"5894","author":"Dubinin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0277-786X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613813","DOI":"10.1117\/12.650103","volume":"6138","author":"Dubinin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0277-786X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Porter, J. E. Lin, and H. Queener ,\n                      Adaptive Optics for Vision Science\n                      , Wiley-Interscience, New York, (2006).","DOI":"10.1002\/0471914878"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1167\/4.8.272","volume":"4","author":"Cheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vision","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1534-7362","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r14","unstructured":"R. Ashman, M. Daaboul, D. A. Atchison, G. Smith, and A. Metha , \u201cEffects of torsion on ocular aberrations,\u201d presented at the\n                      OWLS 8, the 8th Int. Conf. on Optics Within Life Sciences, Biophotonics Down Under, 2004\n                      , International Commission for Optics and the Australian Optical Society, Eden on the Park, Melbourne, Australia, November 28\u2013December 1, 2004."},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r15","first-page":"S652","volume":"18","author":"Thibos","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1081-597X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.2907211_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.24.002963","volume":"24","author":"Atchison","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A Opt. Image Sci. 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