{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T15:03:57Z","timestamp":1792249437427,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Polarized Raman spectroscopy allows measurement of molecular orientation and composition and is widely used in the study of polymer systems. Here, we extend the technique to the extraction of quantitative orientation information from bone tissue, which is optically thick and highly turbid. We discuss multiple scattering effects in tissue and show that repeated measurements using a series of objectives of differing numerical apertures can be employed to assess the contributions of sample turbidity and depth of field on polarized Raman measurements. A high numerical aperture objective minimizes the systematic errors introduced by multiple scattering. We test and validate the use of polarized Raman spectroscopy using wild-type and genetically modified (oim\/oim model of osteogenesis imperfecta) murine bones. Mineral orientation distribution functions show that mineral crystallites are not as well aligned (p&lt;0.05) in &lt;i&gt;oim\/oim&lt;\/i&gt; bones (28\u00b13  deg) compared to wild-type bones (22\u00b13  deg), in agreement with small-angle X-ray scattering results. In wild-type mice, backbone carbonyl orientation is 76\u00b12  deg and in &lt;i&gt;oim\/oim&lt;\/i&gt; mice, it is 72\u00b14  deg (p&gt;0.05). We provide evidence that simultaneous quantitative measurements of mineral and collagen orientations on intact bone specimens are possible using polarized Raman spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3426310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,12]],"date-time":"2010-05-12T18:16:47Z","timestamp":1273688207000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Quantitative polarized Raman spectroscopy in highly turbid bone tissue"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mekhala","family":"Raghavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadder D.","family":"Sahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9067-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert H.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary-Ann","family":"Mycek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8656-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Pleshko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temple Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Kohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","reference":[{"key":"10.1117\/1.3426310_r1","unstructured":"D. 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