{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:05:39Z","timestamp":1790629539278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"06","funder":[{"name":"National Science Council in Taiwan","award":["NSC 97-2627-M-010-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 97-2627-M-010-005"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Science Council in Taiwan","award":["NSC 99-2112-M-010-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 99-2112-M-010-001-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Subgingival calculus has been recognized as a major cause of periodontitis, which is one of the main chronic infectious diseases of oral cavities and a principal cause of tooth loss in humans. Bacteria deposited in subgingival calculus or plaque cause gingival inflammation, function deterioration, and then periodontitis. However, subgingival calculus within the periodontal pocket is a complicated and potentially delicate structure to be detected with current dental armamentaria, namely dental x-rays and dental probes. Consequently, complete removal of subgingival calculus remains a challenge to periodontal therapies. In this study, the detection of subgingival calculus employing a multiphoton autofluorescence imaging method was characterized in comparison with a one-photon confocal fluorescence imaging technique. Feasibility of such a system was studied based on fluorescence response of gingiva, healthy teeth, and calculus with and without gingiva covered. The multiphoton fluorescence technology perceived the tissue-covered subgingival calculus that cannot be observed by the one-photon confocal fluorescence method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3593150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,29]],"date-time":"2011-06-29T21:44:06Z","timestamp":1309383846000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characteristics of subgingival calculus detection by multiphoton fluorescence microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Oi-Hong","family":"Tung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Yang-Ming Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9880-2372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyh-Yuan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Yang-Ming Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Lin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"How-Foo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Yang-Ming Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","reference":[{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j..2003.com122.x"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.1.23"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(99)00056-1"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1990.61.1.3","volume":"61","author":"Sherman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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Lindhe ,\n                      Textbook of Clinical Periodontology\n                      , Munksgaard (1990)."},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-002-0241-7"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00747.x"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2007.03.002"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.6.597"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.5.744"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00712.x"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2321027"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r14","first-page":"4051","volume":"2008","author":"Tung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.22.000135"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00757.x"},{"key":"10.1117\/1.3593150_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2006.08.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Optics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-16\/issue-06\/066017\/Characteristics-of-subgingival-calculus-detection-by-multiphoton-fluorescence-microscopy\/10.1117\/1.3593150.full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:35:22Z","timestamp":1790627722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-16\/issue-06\/066017\/Characteristics-of-subgingival-calculus-detection-by-multiphoton-fluorescence-microscopy\/10.1117\/1.3593150.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.3593150","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3668","1560-2281"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3668","type":"print"},{"value":"1560-2281","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]}}}