{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:02:40Z","timestamp":1790377360062,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"05","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01EB021980"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01EB021980"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00372qc85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"HHS-NIH-NIBIB","award":["1U01EB021980"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01EB021980"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present an imaging-based method for noncontact spirometry. The method tracks the subtle respiratory-induced shoulder movement of a subject, builds a calibration curve, and determines the flow-volume spirometry curve and vital respiratory parameters, including forced expiratory volume in the first second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow rate. We validate the accuracy of the method by comparing the data with those simultaneously recorded with a gold standard reference method and examine the reliability of the noncontact spirometry with a pilot study including 16 subjects. This work demonstrates that the noncontact method can provide accurate and reliable spirometry tests with a webcam. Compared to the traditional spirometers, the present noncontact spirometry does not require using a spirometer, breathing into a mouthpiece, or wearing a nose clip, thus making spirometry test more easily accessible for the growing population of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.jbo.22.5.057002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]],"date-time":"2017-05-17T12:34:18Z","timestamp":1495024458000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Noncontact spirometry with a webcam"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2037-5630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Tsow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dangdang","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nongjian","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-0622"},{"key":"r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEMB.2006.1636352"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/32.11.1521"},{"key":"r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2889398"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2012.2232393"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2010.2086456"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.16.021434"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2009.2019766"},{"key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2508602"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2009.2029668"},{"key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3267038"},{"key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2010.2064370"},{"key":"r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2327024"},{"key":"r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2016.2532876"},{"key":"r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2526627"},{"key":"r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05093"},{"key":"r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/22\/3\/307"},{"key":"r18","first-page":"674","article-title":"An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision","author":"Lucas","year":"1981"},{"key":"r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323794"},{"key":"r20","author":"Tomasi","year":"1991"},{"key":"r21","first-page":"1242","article-title":"Rib cage mechanics during quiet breathing and exercise in humans","author":"Kenyon","year":"1997"},{"key":"r22","first-page":"1114","article-title":"Estimates of ventilation from body surface measurements in unrestrained subjects","author":"McCool","year":"1986"},{"key":"r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rli.0000113795.93565.c3"},{"key":"r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.73"},{"key":"r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2006.03.004"},{"key":"r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2000.854761"},{"key":"r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Optics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-22\/issue-05\/057002\/Noncontact-spirometry-with-a-webcam\/10.1117\/1.JBO.22.5.057002.full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:55:47Z","timestamp":1790376947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-22\/issue-05\/057002\/Noncontact-spirometry-with-a-webcam\/10.1117\/1.JBO.22.5.057002.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.jbo.22.5.057002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3668","1560-2281"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3668","type":"print"},{"value":"1560-2281","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]]}}}