{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:05:41Z","timestamp":1790273141467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"08","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB030024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB030024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL103764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL103764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL103764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL103764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL105215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL105215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL105215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL105215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Significance: The human vocal fold (VF) oscillates in multiple vectors and consists of distinct layers with varying viscoelastic properties that contribute to the mucosal wave. Office-based and operative laryngeal endoscopy are limited to diagnostic evaluation of the VF epithelial surface only and are restricted to axial-plane characterization of the horizontal mucosal wave. As such, understanding of the biomechanics of human VF motion remains limited.\nAim: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a micrometer-resolution, high-speed endoscopic imaging modality which acquires cross-sectional images of tissue. Our study aimed to leverage OCT technology and develop quantitative methods for analyzing the anatomy and kinematics of in vivo VF motion in the coronal plane.\nApproach: A custom handheld laryngeal stage was used to capture OCT images with 800\u00a0A-lines at 250\u00a0Hz. Automated image postprocessing and analytical methods were developed.\nResults: Novel kinematic analysis of in vivo, long-range OCT imaging of the vibrating VF in awake human subjects is reported. Cross-sectional, coronal-plane panoramic videos of the larynx during phonation are presented with three-dimensional videokymographic and space-time velocity analysis of VF motion.\nConclusions: Long-range OCT with automated computational methods allows for cross-sectional dynamic laryngeal imaging and has the potential to broaden our understanding of human VF biomechanics and sound production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.jbo.26.8.086005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T03:56:58Z","timestamp":1629345418000},"page":"1-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Surface kinematic and depth-resolved analysis of human vocal folds in vivo during phonation using optical coherence tomography"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Giriraj K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5041-2132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lily Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidek","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OCT Medical Imaging Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Badger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of California, Irvine School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Rangarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OCT Medical Imaging Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore H.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OCT Medical Imaging Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William B.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil P.","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tirunelveli","family":"Ramalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OCT Medical Imaging Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6318-7384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian J. F.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Univ. of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Optics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-26\/issue-08\/086005\/Surface-kinematic-and-depth-resolved-analysis-of-human-vocal-folds\/10.1117\/1.JBO.26.8.086005.full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:19:42Z","timestamp":1790270382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-26\/issue-08\/086005\/Surface-kinematic-and-depth-resolved-analysis-of-human-vocal-folds\/10.1117\/1.JBO.26.8.086005.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"08"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.jbo.26.8.086005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3668","1560-2281"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3668","type":"print"},{"value":"1560-2281","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]}}}