{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:04:00Z","timestamp":1790208240910,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>SignificanceMany derivatives of optical coherence tomography (OCT) rely on the depth-dependent information of the sample in the image. System depth-dependent effects, such as the confocal effect and the sensitivity fall-off, should be corrected to improve the accuracy of the images and information derived from them.AimWe developed a new single-shot method to extract the combined confocal and fall-off functions and remove system-generated depth-dependent effects from OCT images.ApproachThe combined function is modeled as a linear combination of basis functions whose coefficients are found from two or more A-scans (or B-scans) of a sample that are vertically shifted within the imaging range. No prior knowledge of the OCT system parameters or assumed form for the confocal and fall-off functions is needed.ResultsThe method was derived and validated with simulations and OCT images of a phantom, a biological sample, and human retina. Improvement over the Ratio Fit method was demonstrated.ConclusionsThe improvement in the extraction of the combined confocal and fall-off effects by this method should lead to improved medical diagnosis through more accurate attenuation coefficient calculations. The method enables future applications of OCT where precise removal of all depth-dependent effects on OCT images is critical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1117\/1.jbo.30.2.025003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:02:04Z","timestamp":1740700924000},"page":"1-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Basis function model to extract the combined confocal and fall-off function from multiple optical coherence tomography A-scans"],"prefix":"10.1117","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Were","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Univ. Medical Ctr."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rn-Hendrik","family":"Weitkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Univ. Medical Ctr."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey K.","family":"Bowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Univ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"189","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.496080"},{"key":"r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.24.9.090901"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.440574"},{"key":"r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2015.2450197"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.516229"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2018.2861570"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/CLEO_AT.2016.AW1O.4"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.498459"},{"key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.005084"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.12.004353"},{"key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.5.000322"},{"key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.11.003598"},{"key":"r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.12.121314"},{"key":"r14","article-title":"Conditioning and numerical stability"},{"key":"r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2003.813299"},{"key":"r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.907764"},{"key":"r17","article-title":"Autoconfocal code and data","author":"Dwork"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Optics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-30\/issue-02\/025003\/Basis-function-model-to-extract-the-combined-confocal-and-fall\/10.1117\/1.JBO.30.2.025003.full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:24:30Z","timestamp":1790205870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spiedigitallibrary.org\/journals\/journal-of-biomedical-optics\/volume-30\/issue-02\/025003\/Basis-function-model-to-extract-the-combined-confocal-and-fall\/10.1117\/1.JBO.30.2.025003.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.jbo.30.2.025003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3668","1560-2281"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3668","type":"print"},{"value":"1560-2281","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]}}}