{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:48:19Z","timestamp":1789908499255,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,22]],"date-time":"2005-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1124668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Current methods for imaging joint motion are limited to either two\u2010dimensional (2D) video fluoroscopy, or to animated motions from a series of static three\u2010dimensional (3D) images. 3D movement patterns can be detected from biplane fluoroscopy images matched with computed tomography images. This involves several x\u2010ray modalities and sophisticated 2D to 3D matching for the complex wrist joint. We present a method for the acquisition of dynamic 3D images of a moving joint. In our method a 3D\u2010rotational x\u2010ray (3D\u2010RX) system is used to image a cyclically moving joint. The cyclic motion is synchronized to the x\u2010ray acquisition to yield multiple sets of projection images, which are reconstructed to a series of time resolved 3D images, i.e., four\u2010dimensional rotational x ray (4D\u2010RX). To investigate the obtained image quality parameters the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the point spread function (PSF) via the edge spread function and the contrast to noise ratio between air and phantom were determined on reconstructions of a bullet and rod phantom, using 4D\u2010RX as well as stationary 3D\u2010RX images. The CNR in volume reconstructions based on 251 projection images in the static situation and on 41 and 34 projection images of a moving phantom were 6.9, 3.0, and 2.9, respectively. The average FWHM of the PSF of these same images was, respectively, 1.1, 1.7, and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0647-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp0647:mp0647-math-0001\"\/> orthogonal to the motion and parallel to direction of motion 0.6, 0.7, and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0647-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp0647:mp0647-math-0002\"\/>. The main deterioration of 4D\u2010RX images compared to 3D\u2010RX images is due to the low number of projection images used and not to the motion of the object. Using 41 projection images seems the best setting for the current system. Experiments on a postmortem wrist show the feasibility of the method for imaging 3D dynamic joint motion. We expect that 4D\u2010RX will pave the way to improved assessment of joint disorders by detection of 3D dynamic motion patterns in joints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2000647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,7]],"date-time":"2005-09-07T22:06:36Z","timestamp":1126130796000},"page":"2771-2776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["4D rotational x\u2010ray imaging of wrist joint dynamic motion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Bart","family":"Carelsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels H.","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon D.","family":"Strackee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sjirk N.","family":"Boon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Maas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Sabczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelis A.","family":"Grimbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert J.","family":"Streekstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021\u20109290(00)00195\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(02)00074-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(05)80462-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2003.50009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1289896"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","series-title":"Proceedings of ECR 1997","author":"Maas M.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086\u2010200107000\u201000023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.929617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895\u20106111(99)00028\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","series-title":"Proceedings of CARS 2002","first-page":"827","author":"Rasche V.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598453"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"357","article-title":"Coronary angiography with multi\u2010slice computed tomography","volume":"24","author":"Nieman K.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"1800","article-title":"Acquisition of 4D tomographic data","volume":"31","author":"Sonke J. 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