{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:40:48Z","timestamp":1790775648165,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]],"date-time":"2006-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Following the previously developed Korean tomographic phantom, KORMAN, two additional whole\u2010body tomographic phantoms of Korean adult males were developed from magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images, respectively. Two healthy male volunteers, whose body dimensions were fairly representative of the average Korean adult male, were recruited and scanned for phantom development. Contiguous whole body MR images were obtained from one subject exclusive of the arms, while whole\u2010body CT images were acquired from the second individual. A total of 29 organs and tissues and 19 skeletal sites were segmented via image manipulation techniques such as gray\u2010level thresholding, region growing, and manual drawing, in which each of segmented image slice was subsequently reviewed by an experienced radiologist for anatomical accuracy. The resulting phantoms, the MR\u2010based KTMAN\u20101 (Korean Typical MAN\u20101) and the CT\u2010based KTMAN\u20102 (Korean Typical MAN\u20102), consist of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp1405-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp1405:mp1405-math-0001\"\/> voxels with a voxel resolution of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp1405-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp1405:mp1405-math-0002\"\/> for both phantoms. Masses of segmented organs and tissues were calculated as the product of a nominal reference density, the prevoxel volume, and the cumulative number of voxels defining each organs or tissue. These organs masses were then compared with those of both the Asian and the ICRP reference adult male. Organ masses within both KTMAN\u20101 and KTMAN\u20102 showed differences within 40% of Asian and ICRP reference values, with the exception of the skin, gall bladder, and pancreas which displayed larger differences. The resulting three\u2010dimensional binary file was ported to the Monte Carlo code MCNPX2.4 to calculate organ doses following external irradiation for illustrative purposes. Colon, lung, liver, and stomach absorbed doses, as well as the effective dose, for idealized photon irradiation geometries (anterior\u2010posterior and right lateral) were determined, and then compared with data from two other tomographic phantoms (Asian and Caucasian), and stylized ORNL phantom. The armless KTMAN\u20101 can be applied to dosimetry for computed tomography or lateral x\u2010ray examination, while the whole body KTMAN\u20102 can be used for radiation protection dosimetry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2161405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,6]],"date-time":"2006-02-06T23:04:24Z","timestamp":1139267064000},"page":"380-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Development of the two Korean adult tomographic computational phantoms for organ dosimetry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Choonsik","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choonik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jai\u2010Ki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom","volume":"3","author":"Snyder W. 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