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Mapping possible changes on vast tissues and correlating them with large ensembles of clinical cases is not a feasible procedure for studying most diseases, as for instance vision loss related diseases and, in particular, the cataract. Although intraocular lens implants are successful treatments, cataract still is a leading public\u2010health issue that grows in importance as the population increases and life expectancy is extended worldwide. In this work we have exploited the radiation\u2010tissue interaction properties of hard x\u2010rays\u2014very low absorption and scattering\u2014to map distinct lesions on entire eye lenses. At the used synchrotron x\u2010ray photon energy of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp7135-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp7135:mp7135-math-0001\"\/> (wavelength <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp7135-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp7135:mp7135-math-0002\"\/>), scattering and refraction are angular resolved effects. It allows the employed x\u2010ray image technique to efficiently characterize two types of lesions in eye lenses under cataractogenesis: distributions of tiny scattering centers and extended areas of fiber cell compaction. The data collection procedure is relatively fast; allowing dozens of samples to be totally imaged (scattering, refraction, and mass absorption images) in a single day of synchrotron beam time. More than 60 cases of canine cataract, not correlated to specific causes, were investigated in this first application of x\u2010rays to image entire lenses. Cortical opacity cases, or partial opacity, could be related to the presence of calcificated tissues at the cortical areas, clearly visible in the images, whose elemental contents were verified by micro x\u2010ray fluorescence as very rich in calcium. Calcificated tissues were also observed at nuclear areas in some cases of hypermature cataract. Total opacity cases without distinguishable amount of scattering centers consist in 70% of the analyzed cases, where remarkable fissure marks owing to extended areas of fiber cell compaction are diagnosed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2207135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]],"date-time":"2006-07-12T22:29:20Z","timestamp":1152743360000},"page":"2338-2343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["X\u2010ray imaging in advanced studies of ophthalmic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Antunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica M. V.","family":"Safatle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo S. 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