{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T04:36:45Z","timestamp":1782621405067,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]],"date-time":"2006-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institute of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOP-53254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-53254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Megavoltage (MV) imaging detectors have been the focus of research by many groups in recent years. We have been working with segmented <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0003\"\/> crystals in contact with photodiodes in our lab. The present study uses both x\u2010ray and optical photon transport Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the effects of scintillation crystal height, septa material, beam divergence, and beam spectrum on the modulation transfer function, MTF <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0004\"\/> and zero frequency detective quantum efficiency, DQE(0), of a theoretical area detector. The theoretical detector is comprised of tall, segmented <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0005.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0005\"\/> crystals and two dimensional photodiode arrays with a pitch of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0006.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0006\"\/> and a fill factor of 72%. Increasing the crystal height above <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0007.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0007\"\/> does not result in an improvement in the DQE(0) if the reflection coefficient of the septa is less than 0.8. For a reflection coefficient of 0.975 for the septa, there is a continual gain in the DQE(0) up to <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0008.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0008\"\/> tall crystals. Similar calculations show that employing a 3.5 MV beam without a flattening filter increases the DQE(0) for <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0009.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0009\"\/> tall crystals by 9% compared to a typical <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0010.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0010\"\/> beam with a flattening filter. The severe degradations due to beam divergence on MTF <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp0503-math-0011.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:0094-2405:media:mp0503:mp0503-math-0011\"\/> are quantified and suggest the use of focused detectors in MV imaging. It is found that when the effect of optical photons is considered, the presence of divergence can appear as a shift in the location of the input signal as well as loss of spatial resolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2370503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,9]],"date-time":"2006-12-09T02:58:06Z","timestamp":1165633086000},"page":"4567-4577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Thick, segmented \u2010photodiode detector for cone beam megavoltage CT: A Monte Carlo study of system design parameters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"T. T.","family":"Monajemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. G.","family":"Fallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Rathee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2181290"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2181291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2065487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2008407"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1854774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1803771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1710733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1507779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)03987-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)02884-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595391"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/37\/10\/013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00595825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/44\/10\/316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/43\/12\/016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/43\/10\/018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/43\/1\/010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1517614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1477234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(98)00042-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04155-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1413516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1380213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1494988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/45\/4\/404"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1662918"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2178452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598252"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9002(94)91203-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-806X(00)00296-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/23.322800"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597593"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1663834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","unstructured":"I.KawrakowandD. W. O.Rogers \u201cThe EGSnrc code system: Monte Carlo simulation of electron and photon transport \u201d NRCC Report PIRS\u2010701 (2002)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","first-page":"702","volume-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. Symposium of Anaheim","author":"Levin A.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/23.12850"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.126908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.366582"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(01)00678-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","unstructured":"\u201cPhotodiode Technical Information\u201d available fromhttp:\/\/sales.hamamatsu.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597552"}],"container-title":["Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.2370503","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.2370503","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1118\/1.2370503","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T11:52:57Z","timestamp":1696333977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1118\/1.2370503"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1118\/1.2370503"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.2370503","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-2405","2473-4209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-2405","type":"print"},{"value":"2473-4209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]]}}}