{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T10:12:40Z","timestamp":1791540760347,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]],"date-time":"2016-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":579,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":123,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors aimed to determine the effectiveness of infrared thermal imaging (IRTI) as a novel, noninvasive technique in adjunctive diagnostic screening for lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors used an infrared thermal imaging sensor to examine the lower limbs of 64 DVT patients and 64 healthy volunteers. The DVT patients had been definitively diagnosed with either Doppler vascular compression ultrasonography or angiography. The mean area temperature (T_area) and mean linear temperature (T_line) in the region of interest were determined with infrared thermal imaging. Images were evaluated with qualitative pseudocolor analysis to verify specific color\u2010temperature responses and with quantitative temperature analysis. Differences in T_area and T_line between the DVT limb and the nonaffected limb in each DVT patient and temperature differences (TDs) in T_area (TD<jats:sub>area<\/jats:sub>) and T_line (TD<jats:sub>line<\/jats:sub>) between DVT patients and non\u2010DVT volunteers were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Qualitative pseudocolor analysis revealed visible asymmetry between the DVT side and non\u2010DVT side in the presentation and distribution characteristics (PDCs) of infrared thermal images. The DVT limbs had areas of abnormally high temperature, indicating the presence of DVT. Of the 64 confirmed DVT patients, 62 (96.88%) were positive by IRTI detection. Among these 62 IRTI\u2010positive cases, 53 (82.81%) showed PDCs that agreed with the DVT regions detected by Doppler vascular compression ultrasonography or angiography. In nine patients (14.06%), IRTI PDCs did not definitively agree with the DVT regions established with other testing methods, but still correctly indicated the DVT\u2010affected limb. There was a highly significant difference between DVT and non\u2010DVT sides in DVT patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The TD<jats:sub>area<\/jats:sub> and TD<jats:sub>line<\/jats:sub> in non\u2010DVT volunteers ranged from 0.19 \u00b1 0.15\u2009\u00b0C to 0.21\u2009\u00b0C \u00b1 0.17\u2009\u00b0C; those in DVT patients ranged from 0.86\u2009\u00b0C \u00b1 0.71\u2009\u00b0C to 1.03\u2009\u00b0C \u00b1 0.79\u2009\u00b0C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infrared thermal imaging can be effectively used in DVT detection and adjunctive diagnostic screening because of its specific infrared PDCs and TDs values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4907969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,13]],"date-time":"2015-04-13T17:09:28Z","timestamp":1428944968000},"page":"2242-2248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effectiveness of digital infrared thermal imaging in detecting lower extremity deep venous thrombosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Fangge","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangqiao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuofu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanshan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Contrast enhanced ultrasound of the lower limb deep venous system: A technical feasibility study. 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