{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:48:00Z","timestamp":1740127680172,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002745","name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung (Bavarian Research Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RoBildOR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RoBildOR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002745","name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RoBildOR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RoBildOR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002745","name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RoBildOR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RoBildOR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hand\u2010 and robot\u2010guided mini gamma cameras have been introduced for the acquisition of single\u2010photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images. Less cumbersome than whole\u2010body scanners, they allow for a fast acquisition of the radioactivity distribution, for example, to differentiate cancerous from hormonally hyperactive lesions inside the thyroid. This work compares acquisition protocols and reconstruction algorithms in an attempt to identify the most suitable approach for fast acquisition and efficient image reconstruction, suitable for localization of extended sources, such as lesions inside the thyroid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our setup consists of a mini gamma camera with precise tracking information provided by a robotic arm, which also provides reproducible positioning for our experiments. Based on a realistic phantom of the thyroid including hot and cold nodules as well as background radioactivity, the authors compare \u201cstep and shoot\u201d (SAS) and continuous data (CD) acquisition protocols in combination with two different statistical reconstruction methods: maximum\u2010likelihood expectation\u2013maximization (ML\u2010EM) for time\u2010integrated count values and list\u2010mode expectation\u2013maximization (LM\u2010EM) for individually detected gamma rays. In addition, the authors simulate lower uptake values by statistically subsampling the experimental data in order to study the behavior of their approach without changing other aspects of the acquired data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>All compared methods yield suitable results, resolving the hot nodules and the cold nodule from the background. However, the CD acquisition is twice as fast as the SAS acquisition, while yielding better coverage of the thyroid phantom, resulting in qualitatively more accurate reconstructions of the isthmus between the lobes. For CD acquisitions, the LM\u2010EM reconstruction method is preferable, as it yields comparable image quality to ML\u2010EM at significantly higher speeds, on average by an order of magnitude.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work identifies CD acquisition protocols combined with LM\u2010EM reconstruction as a prime candidate for the wider introduction of SPECT imaging with flexible mini gamma cameras in the clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4966700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T18:00:41Z","timestamp":1478800841000},"page":"6418-6428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Flexible mini gamma camera reconstructions of extended sources using step and shoot and list mode"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gardiazabal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Matthies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Frisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nassir","family":"Navab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Lasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20073"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.18.2164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2004.14.1056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.148.3.6308711"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12112108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2000.107066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259\u2010010\u20101430\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2014.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"504","volume-title":"International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer\u2010Assisted Intervention","author":"Gardiazabal J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/23.958356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/60\/18\/7359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Radiological Imaging: The Theory of Image Formation, Detection, and Processing","author":"Barrett H. 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