{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T15:02:48Z","timestamp":1703084568466},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,4]],"date-time":"1998-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1584,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dual\u2010energy digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is immune to the misregistration artifacts which plague conventional temporal subtraction DSA. However, since the signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR) of dual\u2010energy DSA is lower than temporal subtraction it is important to optimize the dual\u2010energy technique with respect to the SNR. This study investigates the optimization of x\u2010ray exposure parameters for the low\u2010 and high\u2010energy x\u2010ray beams, drawing upon our experience with dual\u2010energy DSA studies in 20 cardiac patients. It is shown that the SNR is optimized, with respect to patient exposure, when the image intensifier (II) exposure for the high\u2010energy beam is approximately 5 times higher than the low\u2010energy beam. The unequal distribution of exposure between the low\u2010 and high\u2010energy beams is achieved by selecting different video apertures for the two beams, and is therefore referred to as the \u201cdual\u2010aperture\u201d technique. The dual\u2010aperture technique achieves the same SNR as the single\u2010aperture technique (which uses equal II exposures for the two beams) with 45% less patient exposure. In addition, the dual\u2010aperture technique enhances the ability to maintain an optimum low\u2010energy kVp, which increases the dual\u2010energy signal amplitude. The optimum high\u2010beam filter thickness for use with the dual\u2010aperture approach is determined. The optimum filter thickness, which is dependent upon the desired tube loading, is found to range from 1.3 to 2.0 mm Cu for tube loads ranging from 188 to 688 J\/beam pair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]],"date-time":"2003-03-28T15:39:50Z","timestamp":1048865990000},"page":"219-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Optimization of beam parameters for dual\u2010energy digital subtraction angiography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Van Lysel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,4]]},"container-title":["Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.597376","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.597376","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1118\/1.597376","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T06:45:22Z","timestamp":1696488322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1118\/1.597376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1118\/1.597376"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.597376","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-2405","2473-4209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-2405","type":"print"},{"value":"2473-4209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]}}}