{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T08:46:23Z","timestamp":1748335583338},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,11]],"date-time":"2000-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":963273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of a dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) to deliver intensity\u2010modulated beams presents a problem for conventional verification techniques. The use of electronic portal imaging to track MLC leaves during beam delivery has been shown to provide a solution to this problem. An experimental comparison of three different verification systems, each using a different electronic portal imaging technology, is presented. Two of the systems presented are commercially available imagers with in\u2010house modifications, with the third system being an in\u2010house built experimental system. The random and systematic errors present in each of the verifications systems are measured and presented, together with the study of the effects of varying dose rate and leaf speed on verification system performance. The performance of the three systems is demonstrated to be very similar, with an overall accuracy in comparing measured and prescribed collimator trajectories of approximately <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mp9026-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp9026:mp9026-math-0001\" \/> Systematic errors in the percentage delivered dose signal provided by the accelerator are significant and must be corrected for good performance of the current systems. It is demonstrated that, with suitable modifications, commercially available portal imaging systems can be used to verify dynamic MLC beam delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1118\/1.599026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:01:44Z","timestamp":1027692104000},"page":"1601-1609","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Leaf position verification during dynamic beam delivery: A comparison of three applications using electronic portal imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Mike","family":"Partridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"van Herk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lennert S.","family":"Ploeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Geoffrey J.","family":"Budgell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hayley V.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/37\/6\/012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/39\/1\/003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(94)90103-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597345"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/40\/5\/005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597699"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"W. Lutz J. Willins J. Hanley T. LoSasso G. Mageras and G. J. Kutcher \u201cPortal \u2018digital\u2010dosimetry\u2019 for intensity modulated beams \u201d Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Electronic Portal Imaging pp. 52 (Amsterdam 1996)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/43\/8\/004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598376"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"s25","article-title":"Verification of dynamic multileaf collimation using an electronic portal imaging device, Verification of dynamic multileaf collimation using an electronic portal imaging device","volume":"51","author":"James H.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"M. van Herk R. Boellaard M. Brugmans and A. van Dalen \u201cFeasibility of the PortalVision system for verification of dynamic therapy \u201d Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Electronic Portal Imaging (Amsterdam Netherlands 1996) pp. 53\u201354."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598443"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(88)90208-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(90)90455-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.596662"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"L. S. Ploeger M. van Herk K. G. A. Gilhuijs and R. W. de Boer \u201cStatic and dynamic properties of a liquid\u2010filled EPID \u201d Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Electronic Portal Imaging (Phoenix 1998) pp. 106\u2013107."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(90)90265-L"}],"container-title":["Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.599026","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1118%2F1.599026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1118\/1.599026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T17:46:10Z","timestamp":1696355170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1118\/1.599026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1118\/1.599026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.599026","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-2405","2473-4209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-2405","type":"print"},{"value":"2473-4209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]}}}