{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T17:05:52Z","timestamp":1763139952346},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of a constant gravitational field on the existence and position of the liquid\u2013vapor boundary of a pure classical fluid is quantitatively discussed on the basis of two simple models: (a) a perfect gas and incompressible liquid model, and (b) a van der Waals fluid model. The van der Waals equation is used as a function of reduced parameters, and it is shown that two dimensionless parameters suffice to describe the vertical concentration profile and the liquid\u2013vapor boundary position. With this model, it is shown how the gravitational field induces a vertical phase separation, an observation so common that it is usually taken for granted but not modeled. The conditions for a gravitational field to produce gas condensation are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1119\/1.1424264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:02:19Z","timestamp":1027692139000},"page":"438-443","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Liquid\u2013vapor equilibrium in a gravitational field"],"prefix":"10.1119","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"M\u00e1rio N.","family":"Berberan-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u0131\u0301mica-F\u0131\u0301sica Molecular, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, P-1049-001\u2009Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Evgeny N.","family":"Bodunov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Department, Russia State Hydrometeorological University, 195196\u2009St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Lionello","family":"Pogliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica, Universit\u00e0 della Calabria, I-87030\u2009Rende (CS), Italy"}]}],"member":"3","reference":[{"key":"2023080622123262800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1119\/1.18555","article-title":"On the barometric formula","volume":"65","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. 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