{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T08:35:06Z","timestamp":1774600506268,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>When sound waves are taught at the secondary level, the speed of propagation of sound is one of the most important characteristics to be analyzed. However, it is very common in textbooks that the value of sound speed in air is considered constant regardless of the experimental conditions. The great question is that since sound is a mechanical wave, its speed is influenced by the medium of propagation and also by the temperature. In most cases, the techniques reported for that goal usually make use of expensive equipment and techniques that may not be affordable and\/or easy to implement in schools, which is an experimental limitation for the teachers to show this influence on their students. In this work, we present a low-cost experimental apparatus, controlled by the open source electronic platform Arduino\u00ae, with which it is possible to determine the speed of propagation of sound as a function of the temperature for a short measuring region, thus enabling the students to verify experimentally this important feature of sound waves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1119\/1.5088475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,18]],"date-time":"2019-01-18T20:07:28Z","timestamp":1547842048000},"page":"114-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Determining the Speed of Sound as a Function of Temperature Using Arduino"],"prefix":"10.1119","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Marcelo Dumas","family":"Hahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais and Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto 1 , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Frederico Alan","family":"de Oliveira Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais da Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro 2 , Serop\u00e9dica, Brasil"}]},{"given":"Paulo Sime\u00e3o","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais da Universidade do Porto 3 , Portugal; Unidade de Ensino das Ci\u00eancias, , Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto 3 , Portugal; Unidade de Ensino das Ci\u00eancias, , Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"3","reference":[{"key":"2023070416014266300_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1119\/1.13872","article-title":"Variation of speed of sound in air with temperature","volume":"52","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. 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Available at https:\/\/goo.gl\/P96Fhq, accessed Aug. 18, 2017."},{"key":"2023070416014266300_c6","unstructured":"Ultrasonic Ranging Module HC-SR04 (2016), Purlance Industry Co. Available at https:\/\/goo.gl\/GmR43g, accessed Aug. 18, 2017."},{"key":"2023070416014266300_c7","unstructured":"Fritzing app (2017), Fachhochschule Potsdam. Available at https:\/\/goo.gl\/LthkwK, accessed June 10, 2017."},{"key":"2023070416014266300_c8","unstructured":"Available at http:\/\/milesburton.com\/Main_Page?title=Dallas_Temperature_Control_Library, accessed Dec. 13, 2017."},{"key":"2023070416014266300_c9","unstructured":"CoolTerm 1.4.7 (2017), Roger Meier\u2019s Freeware. Available at https:\/\/goo.gl\/cDeFJZ, accessed Aug. 18, 2017."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023070416014266300_c10","article-title":"Environmental effects on the speed of sound","volume":"36","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Audio Eng. Soc."},{"key":"2023070416014266300_c11","unstructured":"SciDavis software, http:\/\/scidavis.sourceforge.net\/, accessed Dec. 13, 2017."}],"container-title":["The Physics Teacher"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aapt\/pte\/article-pdf\/57\/2\/114\/9869465\/114_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aapt\/pte\/article-pdf\/57\/2\/114\/9869465\/114_1_online.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T20:03:58Z","timestamp":1688501038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/pte\/article\/57\/2\/114\/362073\/Determining-the-Speed-of-Sound-as-a-Function-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1119\/1.5088475","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-921X","1943-4928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-921X","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4928","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]}}}