{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T21:43:33Z","timestamp":1762033413083},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,8]],"date-time":"2013-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"Traditionally, total skin electron patients remove all clothing for treatment. It is generally assumed that this is best for the treatment of superficial skin lesions out of concern clothing may significantly perturb dose. We investigate the dosimetric effect of patient gowns and determine the necessity of treating patients naked. Using GAFCHROMIC EBT2 film, dose to a cylindrical phantom was measured with cloth, paper, and tri\u2010layer cloth gowns, compared to no covering. A 6 MeV electron beam with spoiler accessory was used at meters source\u2010to\u2010skin distance. The gantry was angled at 248\u00b0 and 292\u00b0. The phantom was rotated at \u201060\u00b0, 0\u00b0, and 60\u00b0 relative to the beam's central axis, simulating the Stanford technique. This was also repeated for films sandwiched between the phantom's discs. Using a Markus chamber, the effect of air gaps of 0 to 5 cm in cloth and paper gowns was measured. The water\u2010equivalent attenuation of the gowns was determined through transmission studies. Compared to no covering, films placed on the phantom surface revealed an average increase of 0.8% in dose for cloth, 1.8% for tri\u2010layered cloth, and 0.7% for paper. Films sandwiched within the phantom showed only slight shift of the percent depth\u2010dose curves. Markus chamber readings revealed 1.4% for tri\u2010layered cloth, and for single layer cloth or paper. Air gaps appeared to have a minimal effect. Transmission measurements found that one layer of cloth is equal to 0.2 mm of solid water. Cloth and paper gowns appear to slightly increase the dose to the skin, but will not introduce any significant dose perturbation (). Gowns having folds and extra layers will have a small additional perturbation (). To minimize perturbation, one should smooth out any folds or remove any pockets that form extra layers on the gown.<\/jats:p>PACS number: 87.53.Bn<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v14i4.4045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T23:08:54Z","timestamp":1488236934000},"page":"272-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dosimetric perturbation from cloth and paper gowns for total skin electron irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"James P.","family":"Steinman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Medicine Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo NY"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane L.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology William R Bliss Cancer Center, Mary Greely Medical Center Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iris Z.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Medicine Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo NY"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(77)90182-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2961937"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","volume-title":"Total skin electron therapy: technique and dosimetry","author":"Karzmark CJ","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","volume-title":"Clinical electron\u2010beam dosimetry","author":"Khan FM","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2007.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3442301"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/48\/7\/306"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1120%2Fjacmp.v14i4.4045","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1120%2Fjacmp.v14i4.4045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1120\/jacmp.v14i4.4045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T04:42:09Z","timestamp":1696567329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1120\/jacmp.v14i4.4045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1120\/jacmp.v14i4.4045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1120\/jacmp.v14i4.4045","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-9914","1526-9914"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-9914","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-9914","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}}}