{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:20:14Z","timestamp":1765232414474},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,8]],"date-time":"2016-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005187","name":"U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRC\u2010HQ\u201012\u2010G\u201038\u20100042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRC\u2010HQ\u201012\u2010G\u201038\u20100042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Presence of interfaces between high and low atomic number (Z) materials, often encountered in diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy, leads to radiation dose perturbation. It is characterized by a very narrow region of sharp dose enhancement at the interface. A rapid falloff of dose enhancement over a very short distance from the interface makes the experimental dosimetry nontrivial. We use an in\u2010house\u2010built inexpensive thin\u2010film Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) photodetector to study this effect at the gold\u2010tissue interface and verify our experimental results with Monte Carlo (MC) modeling. Three\u2010micron thick thin\u2010film CdTe photodetectors were fabricated in our lab. One\u2010, ten\u2010 or one hundred\u2010micron thick gold foils placed in a tissue\u2010equivalent\u2010phantom were irradiated with a clinical Ir\u2010192 high\u2010dose\u2010rate (HDR) source and current measured with a CdTe detector in each case was compared with the current measured for all uniform tissue\u2010equivalent phantom. Percentage signal enhancement (PSE) due to each gold foil was then compared against MC modeled percentage dose enhancement (PDE), obtained from the geometry mimicking the experimental setup. The experimental PSEs due to 1, 10, and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0001\" \/> thick gold foils at the closest measured distance of <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0002\" \/> from the interface were <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0003\" \/>, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0004\" \/>, and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0005.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0005\" \/>, respectively. The corresponding MC modeled PDEs were <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0006.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0006\" \/>, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0007.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0007\" \/>, and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acm20001al-math-0008.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:15269914:media:acm20001al:acm20001al-math-0008\" \/>, respectively. The experimental and MC modeled values showed a closer agreement at the larger distances from the interface. The dose enhancement in the vicinity of gold\u2010tissue interface was successfully measured using an in\u2010house\u2010built, high\u2010resolution CdTe\u2010based photodetector and validated with MC simulations. A close agreement between experimental and the MC modeled results shows that CdTe detector can be utilized for mapping interface dose distribution encountered in the application of ionizing radiation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>PACS number(s): 29.40.Wk, 73.50.Pz, 87.53.Jw, 87.55.K\u2010<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v17i5.6339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T00:51:22Z","timestamp":1488243082000},"page":"500-508","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thin\u2010film CdTe detector for microdosimetric study of radiation dose enhancement at gold\u2010tissue interface"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nava Raj","family":"Paudel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Toledo Medical Center  Toledo OH USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock AR USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Shvydka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Toledo Medical Center  Toledo OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Ishmael","family":"Parsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Toledo Medical Center  Toledo OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-014-0524-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01323118"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9002(85)90928-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"The dosimetry of ionizing radiation","author":"Kase KR","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2010.02.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3938\/jkps.56.1754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/10\/3075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-009-9309-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.596553"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597594"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3579649"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a033109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","volume-title":"Semiconductor radiation detectors: device physics","author":"Lutz G","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-583X(01)00715-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","volume-title":"Monte Carlo calculations of photon spectra in air from 192Ir sources","author":"Borg J","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3438082"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Performance of large area thin\u2010film CdTe detector in diagnostic x\u2010ray imaging","volume":"2","author":"Shvydka D","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Med Phys Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"567","volume-title":"Handbook of photovoltaic science and engineering","author":"McCandless BE","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","volume-title":"Stopping\u2010power and range tables for electrons, protons, and helium ions (version 1.2.3). 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