{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T21:09:42Z","timestamp":1791148182316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of information provided by vowels versus consonants to sentence intelligibility in young normal-hearing (YNH) and typical elderly hearing-impaired (EHI) listeners. Sentences were presented in three conditions, unaltered or with either the vowels or the consonants replaced with speech shaped noise. Sentences from male and female talkers in the TIMIT database were selected. Baseline performance was established at a 70dB SPL level using YNH listeners. Subsequently EHI and YNH participants listened at 95dB SPL. Participants listened to each sentence twice and were asked to repeat the entire sentence after each presentation. Words were scored correct if identified exactly. Average performance for unaltered sentences was greater than 94%. Overall, EHI listeners performed more poorly than YNH listeners. However, vowel-only sentences were always significantly more intelligible than consonant-only sentences, usually by a ratio of 2:1 across groups. In contrast to written English or words spoken in isolation, these results demonstrated that for spoken sentences, vowels carry more information about sentence intelligibility than consonants for both young normal-hearing and elderly hearing-impaired listeners.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2773986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,26]],"date-time":"2007-09-26T18:21:15Z","timestamp":1190830875000},"page":"2365-2375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":148,"title":["Contribution of consonant versus vowel information to sentence intelligibility for young normal-hearing and elderly hearing-impaired listeners"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Diane","family":"Kewley-Port","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, , Bloomington, Indiana 47405"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. Zachary","family":"Burkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, , Bloomington, Indiana 47405"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, , Bloomington, Indiana 47405"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","reference":[{"key":"2023080404564829600_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1121\/1.415364","article-title":"Harvey Fletcher\u2019s role in the creation of communication acoustics","volume":"99","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c2","article-title":"American National Standards for Calculation of the Articulation Index","volume-title":"ANSI S3.5, 1969","author":"American National Standards Institute","year":"1969"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c2a","year":"1996"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2701.32","article-title":"Standardization of a test of speech perception in noise","volume":"27","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Speech Hear. Res."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1038\/35000206","article-title":"Separable processing of consonants and vowels","volume":"403","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature (London)"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c5","first-page":"853","article-title":"The contribution of consonants versus vowels to word recognition in fluent speech","year":"1996"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c6","volume-title":"Speech and Hearing","year":"1929"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c7","first-page":"189","article-title":"Mini-mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1916407","article-title":"Factors governing the intelligibility of speech sounds","volume":"19","year":"1947","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c9","article-title":"DARPA TIMIT acoustic-phonetic continuous speech corpus CD-ROM","year":"1990"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.1703.321","article-title":"Development of materials for speech audiometry","volume":"17","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Speech Hear. Disord."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1993128","article-title":"The effects of high presentation levels on consonant feature transmission","volume":"118","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4786436","article-title":"Sentence comprehension when formant transitions are present or absent by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners","volume":"119","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4781386","article-title":"The use of subsegmental information in sentence comprehension with or without formant transitions by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners","volume":"120","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1037\/h0020279","article-title":"Perception of the speech code","volume":"74","year":"1967","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(85)90021-6","article-title":"The motor theory of speech perception revised","volume":"21","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c16","volume-title":"Language and Communication","year":"1951"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1605151","article-title":"Effects of high presentation levels on recognition of low- and high-frequency speech","volume":"4","year":"2003","journal-title":"ARLO"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.1103.648","article-title":"Vowel discrimination of hearing-impaired listeners","volume":"11","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Speech Hear. Res."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2161431","article-title":"The relative roles of vowels and consonants in discriminating talker identity versus word meaning","volume":"119","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1787524","article-title":"The distinctness of speakers\u2019 productions of vowel contrasts is related to their discrimination of the contrasts","volume":"116","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1944053","article-title":"Vowel perception in equal audibility conditions by young adults with normal and impaired hearing","volume":"118","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4201.42","article-title":"The role of consonant\u2014vowel intensity ratio in the recognition of voiceless stop consonants by listeners with hearing impairment","volume":"42","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381066","article-title":"Consonant environment specifies vowel identity","volume":"60","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c24","first-page":"202","article-title":"The particulate origins of language generativity: from syllable to gesture","volume-title":"Approaches to the Evolution of Language","author":"Hurford","year":"1998"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199244843.001.0001","article-title":"Launching language: The gestural origin of discrete infinity","volume-title":"Language Evolution: The States of the Art","author":"Christiansen","year":"2003"},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2803.455","article-title":"A \u201crationalized\u201d arcsine transform","volume":"28","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Speech Hear. Res."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1121\/1.426848","article-title":"Monosyllabic word recognition at higher-than-normal speech and noise levels","volume":"105","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2023080404564829600_c28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6393(90)90010-7","article-title":"Speech database development at MIT: TIMIT and beyond","volume":"9","year":"1990","journal-title":"Speech Commun."}],"container-title":["The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/asa\/jasa\/article-pdf\/122\/4\/2365\/15284950\/2365_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/asa\/jasa\/article-pdf\/122\/4\/2365\/15284950\/2365_1_online.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T01:11:34Z","timestamp":1691111494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/jasa\/article\/122\/4\/2365\/982737\/Contribution-of-consonant-versus-vowel-information"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1121\/1.2773986","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4966","1520-8524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4966","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-8524","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]}}}