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Acoustic measures included the acoustic open quotient and spectral balance in the vowel \/e\/ during the test syllable. The open quotient and the laryngographic pulse shape indicated a significantly shorter open phase for loud speech than for soft speech. Similar results were found for lexical stress, suggesting that lexical stress and loud speech are produced with a similar voice source mechanism. Stressed syllables were distinguished from unstressed syllables by their open phase and pulse shape, even in the absence of sentence accent. Evidence for laryngeal involvement in signaling focus, independent of fundamental frequency changes, was not as consistent across speakers. Acoustic results on various spectral balance measures were generally much less consistent compared to results from laryngographic data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3277160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,5]],"date-time":"2010-02-05T23:58:20Z","timestamp":1265414300000},"page":"1047-1058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Acoustic and laryngographic measures of the laryngeal reflexes of linguistic prominence and vocal effort in German"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Mooshammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories , 300 George Street, Suite 900, New Haven, Connecticut 06511"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080104165368400_c1","volume-title":"Stress and Non-Stress Accent","year":"1986"},{"key":"2023080104165368400_c2","first-page":"313","article-title":"Recent developements in the EMU Speech Database System","year":"2006"},{"key":"2023080104165368400_c3","first-page":"67","article-title":"Stress, prominence and spectral tilt","year":"1997"},{"key":"2023080104165368400_c4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3302.245","article-title":"Electroglottography and vocal fold physiology","volume":"33","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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